Ontario, Canada

Planting calendar for Hamilton

Last frost around April 17, first frost around November 10: about 207 frost-free days.

Last frost: April 17
First frost: November 10
Frost-free days: 207

Sow now: November

See the whole year

Outdoors

Garlic
Raspberry
Rhubarb

Under cover

Nothing this month.

The year at a glance

When each crop can be sown in Hamilton. Tap a crop for exact dates and when it’s ready to harvest.

Sow outdoorsSow under cover (indoors, a greenhouse or a cold frame)

When to sow each crop in Hamilton, month by month. Each month says whether you can sow outdoors, under cover, or both.
Crop	JJan	FFeb	MMar	AApr	MMay	JJun	JJul	AAug	SSep	OOct	NNov	DDec
Fruiting
Tomato	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Not this month	April: Sow under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow outdoors and under cover	July: Sow under cover	August: Sow under cover	September: Not this month	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Chile pepper	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Not this month	April: Sow under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow outdoors and under cover	July: Sow under cover	August: Sow under cover	September: Not this month	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Bell pepper	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Not this month	April: Not this month	May: Sow under cover	June: Sow outdoors and under cover	July: Sow under cover	August: Sow under cover	September: Not this month	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Eggplant	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Not this month	April: Not this month	May: Sow under cover	June: Sow outdoors and under cover	July: Sow under cover	August: Sow under cover	September: Not this month	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Zucchini	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Not this month	April: Sow under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow outdoors and under cover	July: Sow outdoors and under cover	August: Sow outdoors and under cover	September: Sow under cover	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Cucumber	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Not this month	April: Sow under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow outdoors and under cover	July: Sow outdoors and under cover	August: Sow outdoors and under cover	September: Sow under cover	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Winter squash	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Not this month	April: Sow under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow outdoors and under cover	July: Sow under cover	August: Sow under cover	September: Not this month	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Sweet corn	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Not this month	April: Sow under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow outdoors and under cover	July: Sow under cover	August: Sow under cover	September: Not this month	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Roots
Carrot	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Sow under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow outdoors and under cover	July: Sow outdoors and under cover	August: Sow under cover	September: Not this month	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Beet	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Sow under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow outdoors and under cover	July: Sow outdoors and under cover	August: Sow outdoors and under cover	September: Sow under cover	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Parsnip	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Sow under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow outdoors and under cover	July: Sow under cover	August: Not this month	September: Not this month	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Radish	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Sow under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow outdoors and under cover	July: Sow outdoors and under cover	August: Sow outdoors and under cover	September: Sow outdoors and under cover	October: Sow under cover	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Potato	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Plant under cover	April: Plant outdoors and under cover	May: Plant outdoors and under cover	June: Plant under cover	July: Plant under cover	August: Plant under cover	September: Not this month	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Turnip	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Sow under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow outdoors and under cover	July: Sow outdoors and under cover	August: Sow outdoors and under cover	September: Sow under cover	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Leaves
Lettuce	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Sow under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow under cover	July: Sow under cover	August: Sow outdoors and under cover	September: Sow under cover	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Spinach	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Sow under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow under cover	July: Sow under cover	August: Sow outdoors and under cover	September: Sow outdoors and under cover	October: Sow under cover	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Swiss chard	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Sow under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow outdoors and under cover	July: Sow outdoors and under cover	August: Sow outdoors and under cover	September: Sow under cover	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Arugula	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Sow under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow under cover	July: Sow under cover	August: Sow outdoors and under cover	September: Sow outdoors and under cover	October: Sow under cover	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Celery	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Sow under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow under cover	July: Not this month	August: Not this month	September: Not this month	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Beans and peas
Runner bean	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Not this month	April: Sow under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow outdoors and under cover	July: Sow outdoors and under cover	August: Sow outdoors and under cover	September: Sow under cover	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Green bean	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Not this month	April: Sow under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow outdoors and under cover	July: Sow outdoors and under cover	August: Sow outdoors and under cover	September: Sow under cover	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Fava bean	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Sow under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow under cover	June: Not this month	July: Not this month	August: Not this month	September: Not this month	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Pea	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Sow under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow outdoors and under cover	July: Sow under cover	August: Sow outdoors and under cover	September: Sow under cover	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Onion family
Onion	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Plant under cover	April: Plant outdoors and under cover	May: Plant outdoors and under cover	June: Plant under cover	July: Not this month	August: Not this month	September: Not this month	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Garlic	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Not this month	April: Not this month	May: Not this month	June: Not this month	July: Not this month	August: Not this month	September: Plant under cover	October: Plant outdoors and under cover	November: Plant outdoors and under cover	December: Plant under cover
Leek	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Sow under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow outdoors and under cover	July: Sow outdoors and under cover	August: Sow under cover	September: Not this month	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Scallion	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Sow under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow outdoors and under cover	July: Sow outdoors and under cover	August: Sow outdoors and under cover	September: Sow outdoors and under cover	October: Sow under cover	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Shallot	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Plant under cover	April: Plant outdoors and under cover	May: Plant outdoors and under cover	June: Plant outdoors and under cover	July: Plant under cover	August: Not this month	September: Not this month	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Brassicas
Cabbage	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Sow under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow outdoors and under cover	July: Sow outdoors and under cover	August: Sow outdoors and under cover	September: Sow under cover	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Broccoli	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Sow under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow outdoors and under cover	July: Sow outdoors and under cover	August: Sow under cover	September: Not this month	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Cauliflower	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Sow under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow outdoors and under cover	July: Sow under cover	August: Not this month	September: Not this month	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Brussels sprout	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Sow under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow outdoors and under cover	July: Sow under cover	August: Not this month	September: Not this month	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Kale	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Sow under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow outdoors and under cover	July: Sow outdoors and under cover	August: Sow outdoors and under cover	September: Sow under cover	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Bok choy	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Sow under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow under cover	July: Sow under cover	August: Sow outdoors and under cover	September: Sow outdoors and under cover	October: Sow under cover	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Herbs
Basil	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Sow under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow outdoors and under cover	July: Sow outdoors and under cover	August: Sow outdoors and under cover	September: Sow under cover	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Parsley	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Sow under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow outdoors and under cover	July: Sow outdoors and under cover	August: Sow outdoors and under cover	September: Sow under cover	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Cilantro	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Sow under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow under cover	July: Sow under cover	August: Sow outdoors and under cover	September: Sow outdoors and under cover	October: Sow under cover	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Chives	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Sow under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow outdoors and under cover	July: Sow under cover	August: Sow outdoors and under cover	September: Sow under cover	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Mint	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Sow under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow outdoors and under cover	July: Sow outdoors and under cover	August: Sow outdoors and under cover	September: Sow outdoors and under cover	October: Sow under cover	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Fruit
Strawberry	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Plant under cover	April: Plant outdoors and under cover	May: Plant outdoors and under cover	June: Plant outdoors and under cover	July: Plant under cover	August: Plant outdoors and under cover	September: Plant under cover	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Raspberry	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Not this month	April: Not this month	May: Not this month	June: Not this month	July: Not this month	August: Not this month	September: Not this month	October: Plant under cover	November: Plant outdoors and under cover	December: Plant under cover
Rhubarb	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Not this month	April: Not this month	May: Not this month	June: Not this month	July: Not this month	August: Not this month	September: Not this month	October: Plant outdoors and under cover	November: Plant outdoors and under cover	December: Plant under cover

Fruit rows show when to plant, not sow.

Crop by crop

Fruiting

TomatoOutdoors May 22 to Jun 16, and Jul 26 to Aug 3; Under cover Apr 24 to Jul 14, and Jul 26 to Aug 3, and Aug 23 to Aug 31

Sow outdoors: May 22 to Jun 16, and Jul 26 to Aug 3
Under cover: Apr 24 to Jul 14, and Jul 26 to Aug 3, and Aug 23 to Aug 31
First harvest: About 66 days after sowing. Sown on May 22, ready around July 27.
Warmth: Tender: needs days averaging 12°C or more, and no frost.

Tomato across Canada, town by town

Chile pepperOutdoors May 21 to Jun 16, and Jul 26 to Aug 1; Under cover Apr 23 to Jul 14, and Jul 26 to Aug 1, and Aug 23 to Aug 29

Sow outdoors: May 21 to Jun 16, and Jul 26 to Aug 1
Under cover: Apr 23 to Jul 14, and Jul 26 to Aug 1, and Aug 23 to Aug 29
First harvest: About 84 days after sowing. Sown on May 21, ready around August 13.
Warmth: Tender: needs days averaging 12°C or more, and no frost.

Chile pepper across Canada, town by town

Bell pepperOutdoors May 26 to Jun 21, and Jul 26 to Aug 3; Under cover Apr 28 to Aug 3, and Aug 23 to Aug 31

Sow outdoors: May 26 to Jun 21, and Jul 26 to Aug 3
Under cover: Apr 28 to Aug 3, and Aug 23 to Aug 31
First harvest: About 78 days after sowing. Sown on May 26, ready around August 12.
Warmth: Tender: needs days averaging 12°C or more, and no frost.

Bell pepper across Canada, town by town

EggplantOutdoors May 26 to Jun 16, and Jul 26 to Aug 1; Under cover Apr 28 to Jul 14, and Jul 26 to Aug 1, and Aug 23 to Aug 29

Sow outdoors: May 26 to Jun 16, and Jul 26 to Aug 1
Under cover: Apr 28 to Jul 14, and Jul 26 to Aug 1, and Aug 23 to Aug 29
First harvest: About 90 days after sowing. Sown on May 26, ready around August 24.
Warmth: Tender: needs days averaging 12°C or more, and no frost.

Eggplant across Canada, town by town

ZucchiniOutdoors May 21 to Jul 1, and Jul 26 to Aug 22; Under cover Apr 23 to Sep 19

Sow outdoors: May 21 to Jul 1, and Jul 26 to Aug 22
Under cover: Apr 23 to Sep 19
First harvest: About 42 days after sowing. Sown on May 21, ready around July 2.
Warmth: Tender: needs days averaging 12°C or more, and no frost.

Zucchini across Canada, town by town

CucumberOutdoors May 21 to Jul 1, and Jul 26 to Aug 17; Under cover Apr 23 to Sep 14

Sow outdoors: May 21 to Jul 1, and Jul 26 to Aug 17
Under cover: Apr 23 to Sep 14
First harvest: About 46 days after sowing. Sown on May 21, ready around July 6.
Warmth: Tender: needs days averaging 12°C or more, and no frost.

Cucumber across Canada, town by town

Winter squashOutdoors May 21 to Jun 21, and Jul 26 to Aug 4; Under cover Apr 23 to Aug 4, and Aug 23 to Sep 1

Sow outdoors: May 21 to Jun 21, and Jul 26 to Aug 4
Under cover: Apr 23 to Aug 4, and Aug 23 to Sep 1
First harvest: About 66 days after sowing. Sown on May 21, ready around July 26.
Warmth: Tender: needs days averaging 12°C or more, and no frost.

Winter squash across Canada, town by town

Sweet cornOutdoors May 16 to Jun 21, and Jul 26 to Aug 6; Under cover Apr 18 to Aug 6, and Aug 23 to Sep 3

Sow outdoors: May 16 to Jun 21, and Jul 26 to Aug 6
Under cover: Apr 18 to Aug 6, and Aug 23 to Sep 3
First harvest: About 60 days after sowing. Sown on May 16, ready around July 15.
Warmth: Tender: needs days averaging 11°C or more, and no frost.

Sweet corn across Canada, town by town

Roots

CarrotOutdoors Apr 15 to Aug 4; Under cover Mar 18 to Sep 1

Sow outdoors: Apr 15 to Aug 4
Under cover: Mar 18 to Sep 1
First harvest: About 70 days after sowing. Sown on April 15, ready around June 24.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 7°C.

Carrot across Canada, town by town

BeetOutdoors Apr 15 to Aug 19; Under cover Mar 18 to Sep 16

Sow outdoors: Apr 15 to Aug 19
Under cover: Mar 18 to Sep 16
First harvest: About 49 days after sowing. Sown on April 15, ready around June 3.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 7°C.

Beet across Canada, town by town

ParsnipOutdoors Apr 10 to Jun 26; Under cover Mar 13 to Jul 24

Sow outdoors: Apr 10 to Jun 26
Under cover: Mar 13 to Jul 24
First harvest: About 85 days after sowing. Sown on April 10, ready around July 4.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 6°C.

Parsnip across Canada, town by town

RadishOutdoors Apr 10 to Jun 10, and Jul 17 to Sep 28; Under cover Mar 13 to Oct 26

Sow outdoors: Apr 10 to Jun 10, and Jul 17 to Sep 28
Under cover: Mar 13 to Oct 26
First harvest: About 18 days after sowing. Sown on April 10, ready around April 28.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 6°C; bolts in hot weather.

Radish across Canada, town by town

PotatoOutdoors Apr 10 to Jun 5, and Jul 26 to Aug 5; Under cover Mar 13 to Jul 8, and Jul 26 to Aug 5, and Aug 23 to Sep 2

Plant outdoors: Apr 10 to Jun 5, and Jul 26 to Aug 5
Under cover: Mar 13 to Jul 8, and Jul 26 to Aug 5, and Aug 23 to Sep 2
First harvest: About 65 days after planting. Planted on April 10, ready around June 14.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 6°C.

Potato across Canada, town by town

TurnipOutdoors Apr 10 to Sep 1; Under cover Mar 13 to Sep 29

Sow outdoors: Apr 10 to Sep 1
Under cover: Mar 13 to Sep 29
First harvest: About 38 days after sowing. Sown on April 10, ready around May 18.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 6°C.

Turnip across Canada, town by town

Leaves

LettuceOutdoors Apr 11 to May 29, and Jul 29 to Aug 27; Under cover Mar 14 to Sep 24

Sow outdoors: Apr 11 to May 29, and Jul 29 to Aug 27
Under cover: Mar 14 to Sep 24
First harvest: About 46 days after sowing. Sown on April 11, ready around May 27.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 6°C; bolts in hot weather.

Lettuce across Canada, town by town

SpinachOutdoors Apr 10 to May 29, and Jul 29 to Sep 22; Under cover Mar 13 to Oct 20

Sow outdoors: Apr 10 to May 29, and Jul 29 to Sep 22
Under cover: Mar 13 to Oct 20
First harvest: About 29 days after sowing. Sown on April 10, ready around May 9.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 6°C; bolts in hot weather.

Spinach across Canada, town by town

Swiss chardOutdoors Apr 15 to Sep 1; Under cover Mar 18 to Sep 29

Sow outdoors: Apr 15 to Sep 1
Under cover: Mar 18 to Sep 29
First harvest: About 43 days after sowing. Sown on April 15, ready around May 28.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 7°C.

Swiss chard across Canada, town by town

ArugulaOutdoors Apr 10 to May 29, and Jul 29 to Sep 24; Under cover Mar 13 to Oct 22

Sow outdoors: Apr 10 to May 29, and Jul 29 to Sep 24
Under cover: Mar 13 to Oct 22
First harvest: About 26 days after sowing. Sown on April 10, ready around May 6.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 6°C; bolts in hot weather.

Arugula across Canada, town by town

CeleryOutdoors Apr 7 to Jun 6; Under cover Mar 10 to Jul 4

Sow outdoors: Apr 7 to Jun 6
Under cover: Mar 10 to Jul 4
First harvest: About 80 days after sowing. Sown on April 7, ready around June 26.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 5°C.

Celery across Canada, town by town

Beans and peas

Runner beanOutdoors May 16 to Jul 1, and Jul 26 to Aug 10; Under cover Apr 18 to Aug 10, and Aug 23 to Sep 7

Sow outdoors: May 16 to Jul 1, and Jul 26 to Aug 10
Under cover: Apr 18 to Aug 10, and Aug 23 to Sep 7
First harvest: About 57 days after sowing. Sown on May 16, ready around July 12.
Warmth: Tender: needs days averaging 11°C or more, and no frost.

Runner bean across Canada, town by town

Green beanOutdoors May 16 to Aug 20; Under cover Apr 18 to Sep 17

Sow outdoors: May 16 to Aug 20
Under cover: Apr 18 to Sep 17
First harvest: About 49 days after sowing. Sown on May 16, ready around July 4.
Warmth: Tender: needs days averaging 11°C or more, and no frost.

Green bean across Canada, town by town

Fava beanOutdoors Apr 4 to Apr 20; Under cover Mar 7 to Mar 23, and Apr 4 to Apr 20, and May 2 to May 18

Sow outdoors: Apr 4 to Apr 20
Under cover: Mar 7 to Mar 23, and Apr 4 to Apr 20, and May 2 to May 18
First harvest: About 220 days after sowing. Sown on April 4, ready around November 10.
Warmth: Hardy: goes in as the weather cools, and grows on through winter.

Fava bean across Canada, town by town

PeaOutdoors Apr 10 to Jun 10, and Jul 26 to Aug 11; Under cover Mar 13 to Jul 14, and Jul 26 to Aug 11, and Aug 23 to Sep 8

Sow outdoors: Apr 10 to Jun 10, and Jul 26 to Aug 11
Under cover: Mar 13 to Jul 14, and Jul 26 to Aug 11, and Aug 23 to Sep 8
First harvest: About 51 days after sowing. Sown on April 10, ready around May 31.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 6°C; bolts in hot weather.

Pea across Canada, town by town

Onion family

OnionOutdoors Apr 9 to May 30; Under cover Mar 12 to Jun 27

Plant outdoors: Apr 9 to May 30
Under cover: Mar 12 to Jun 27
First harvest: About 90 days after planting. Planted on April 9, ready around July 8.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 6°C.

Onion across Canada, town by town

GarlicOutdoors Oct 17 to Nov 15; Under cover Sep 19 to Dec 13

Plant outdoors: Oct 17 to Nov 15
Under cover: Sep 19 to Dec 13
First harvest: About 250 days after planting. Planted on October 17, ready around June 24.
Warmth: Hardy: goes in as the weather cools, and grows on through winter.

Garlic across Canada, town by town

LeekOutdoors Apr 10 to Jul 26; Under cover Mar 13 to Aug 23

Sow outdoors: Apr 10 to Jul 26
Under cover: Mar 13 to Aug 23
First harvest: About 98 days after sowing. Sown on April 10, ready around July 17.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 6°C.

Leek across Canada, town by town

ScallionOutdoors Apr 7 to Sep 10; Under cover Mar 10 to Oct 8

Sow outdoors: Apr 7 to Sep 10
Under cover: Mar 10 to Oct 8
First harvest: About 42 days after sowing. Sown on April 7, ready around May 19.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 5°C.

Scallion across Canada, town by town

ShallotOutdoors Apr 4 to Jun 17; Under cover Mar 7 to Jul 15

Plant outdoors: Apr 4 to Jun 17
Under cover: Mar 7 to Jul 15
First harvest: About 78 days after planting. Planted on April 4, ready around June 21.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 5°C.

Shallot across Canada, town by town

Brassicas

CabbageOutdoors Apr 10 to Aug 10; Under cover Mar 13 to Sep 7

Sow outdoors: Apr 10 to Aug 10
Under cover: Mar 13 to Sep 7
First harvest: About 71 days after sowing. Sown on April 10, ready around June 20.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 6°C.

Cabbage across Canada, town by town

BroccoliOutdoors Apr 15 to Aug 6; Under cover Mar 18 to Sep 3

Sow outdoors: Apr 15 to Aug 6
Under cover: Mar 18 to Sep 3
First harvest: About 63 days after sowing. Sown on April 15, ready around June 17.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 7°C.

Broccoli across Canada, town by town

CauliflowerOutdoors Apr 10 to Jun 10; Under cover Mar 13 to Jul 8

Sow outdoors: Apr 10 to Jun 10
Under cover: Mar 13 to Jul 8
First harvest: About 78 days after sowing. Sown on April 10, ready around June 27.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 6°C; bolts in hot weather.

Cauliflower across Canada, town by town

Brussels sproutOutdoors Apr 10 to Jun 10; Under cover Mar 13 to Jul 8

Sow outdoors: Apr 10 to Jun 10
Under cover: Mar 13 to Jul 8
First harvest: About 116 days after sowing. Sown on April 10, ready around August 4.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 6°C.

Brussels sprout across Canada, town by town

KaleOutdoors Apr 15 to Aug 14; Under cover Mar 18 to Sep 11

Sow outdoors: Apr 15 to Aug 14
Under cover: Mar 18 to Sep 11
First harvest: About 56 days after sowing. Sown on April 15, ready around June 10.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 7°C.

Kale across Canada, town by town

Bok choyOutdoors Apr 20 to May 29, and Jul 29 to Sep 14; Under cover Mar 23 to Oct 12

Sow outdoors: Apr 20 to May 29, and Jul 29 to Sep 14
Under cover: Mar 23 to Oct 12
First harvest: About 35 days after sowing. Sown on April 20, ready around May 25.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 8°C; bolts in hot weather.

Bok choy across Canada, town by town

Herbs

BasilOutdoors Apr 20 to Aug 23; Under cover Mar 23 to Sep 20

Sow outdoors: Apr 20 to Aug 23
Under cover: Mar 23 to Sep 20
First harvest: About 36 days after sowing. Sown on April 20, ready around May 26.
Warmth: Tender: needs days averaging 8°C or more, and no frost.

Basil across Canada, town by town

ParsleyOutdoors Apr 10 to Aug 30; Under cover Mar 13 to Sep 27

Sow outdoors: Apr 10 to Aug 30
Under cover: Mar 13 to Sep 27
First harvest: About 48 days after sowing. Sown on April 10, ready around May 28.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 6°C.

Parsley across Canada, town by town

CilantroOutdoors Apr 15 to May 29, and Jul 29 to Sep 12; Under cover Mar 18 to Oct 10

Sow outdoors: Apr 15 to May 29, and Jul 29 to Sep 12
Under cover: Mar 18 to Oct 10
First harvest: About 36 days after sowing. Sown on April 15, ready around May 21.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 7°C; bolts in hot weather.

Cilantro across Canada, town by town

ChivesOutdoors Apr 10 to Jun 26, and Jul 26 to Aug 13; Under cover Mar 13 to Aug 13, and Aug 23 to Sep 10

Sow outdoors: Apr 10 to Jun 26, and Jul 26 to Aug 13
Under cover: Mar 13 to Aug 13, and Aug 23 to Sep 10
First harvest: Crops every year once it’s established.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 6°C.

Chives across Canada, town by town

MintOutdoors Apr 15 to Oct 2; Under cover Mar 18 to Oct 30

Sow outdoors: Apr 15 to Oct 2
Under cover: Mar 18 to Oct 30
First harvest: Crops every year once it’s established.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 7°C.

Mint across Canada, town by town

Fruit

StrawberryOutdoors Apr 10 to Jun 10, and Jul 26 to Aug 11; Under cover Mar 13 to Jul 14, and Jul 26 to Aug 11, and Aug 23 to Sep 8

Plant outdoors: Apr 10 to Jun 10, and Jul 26 to Aug 11
Under cover: Mar 13 to Jul 14, and Jul 26 to Aug 11, and Aug 23 to Sep 8
First harvest: Crops every year once it’s established.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 6°C.

Strawberry across Canada, town by town

RaspberryOutdoors Nov 2 to Nov 22; Under cover Oct 5 to Dec 20

Plant outdoors: Nov 2 to Nov 22
Under cover: Oct 5 to Dec 20
First harvest: Crops every year once it’s established.
Warmth: Hardy: goes in as the weather cools, and grows on through winter.

Raspberry across Canada, town by town

RhubarbOutdoors Oct 24 to Nov 19; Under cover Sep 26 to Dec 17

Plant outdoors: Oct 24 to Nov 19
Under cover: Sep 26 to Dec 17
First harvest: Crops every year once it’s established.
Warmth: Hardy: goes in as the weather cools, and grows on through winter.

Rhubarb across Canada, town by town

Nearby

Also covers

Stoney Creek, and nearby villages. Dates are within a few days across the area.

Questions about growing in Hamilton

When is the last frost in Hamilton?

On average around April 17, and the first autumn frost comes around November 10. In a cold spring a frost can come a week or two late, so tender plants are safest out a week after the date.

Can I grow tomatoes outdoors in Hamilton?

Yes. Plant them outdoors May 22 to Jun 16, and Jul 26 to Aug 3, or under cover Apr 24 to Jul 14, and Jul 26 to Aug 3, and Aug 23 to Aug 31.

What can I sow in Hamilton in November?

Outdoors: garlic, raspberry, rhubarb.

How accurate are these dates?

They’re worked out from 30 years of climate data for this spot, adjusted for its height, so they’re a good guide for a typical year. Check the forecast before planting out anything tender.

Get these dates as reminders

Bia turns this calendar into a nudge when it’s time to sow, plant out and harvest, for your backyard or community garden plot in Hamilton. Free for 2 months.

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How these dates are worked out: climate records for this spot (ERA5-Land, 1995 to 2024), the local frost dates and the height above sea level turn a seed-packet date into a local one. Contains modified Copernicus Climate Change Service information; towns from GeoNames (CC BY 4.0). How sowing dates work