Ontario, Canada

Planting calendar for London

Last frost around April 26, first frost around November 3: about 191 frost-free days.

Last frost: April 26
First frost: November 3
Frost-free days: 191

Sow now: November

See the whole year

Outdoors

Garlic
Raspberry
Rhubarb

Under cover

Nothing this month.

The year at a glance

When each crop can be sown in London. Tap a crop for exact dates and when it’s ready to harvest.

Sow outdoorsSow under cover (indoors, a greenhouse or a cold frame)

When to sow each crop in London, month by month. Each month says whether you can sow outdoors, under cover, or both.
Crop	JJan	FFeb	MMar	AApr	MMay	JJun	JJul	AAug	SSep	OOct	NNov	DDec
Fruiting
Tomato	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Not this month	April: Not this month	May: Sow under cover	June: Sow outdoors and under cover	July: Sow under cover	August: Not this month	September: Not this month	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Chile pepper	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Not this month	April: Not this month	May: Sow under cover	June: Sow outdoors and under cover	July: Sow under cover	August: Not this month	September: Not this month	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Bell pepper	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Not this month	April: Not this month	May: Sow under cover	June: Sow outdoors and under cover	July: Sow under cover	August: Not this month	September: Not this month	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Eggplant	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Not this month	April: Not this month	May: Sow under cover	June: Sow outdoors and under cover	July: Sow under cover	August: Not this month	September: Not this month	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Zucchini	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Not this month	April: Not this month	May: Sow under cover	June: Sow outdoors and under cover	July: Sow outdoors and under cover	August: Sow outdoors and under cover	September: Sow under cover	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Cucumber	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Not this month	April: Not this month	May: Sow under cover	June: Sow outdoors and under cover	July: Sow outdoors and under cover	August: Sow outdoors and under cover	September: Sow under cover	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Winter squash	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Not this month	April: Not this month	May: Sow under cover	June: Sow outdoors and under cover	July: Sow under cover	August: Not this month	September: Not this month	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Sweet corn	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Not this month	April: Not this month	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow outdoors and under cover	July: Sow under cover	August: Not this month	September: Not this month	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Roots
Carrot	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Sow under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow outdoors and under cover	July: Sow outdoors and under cover	August: Sow under cover	September: Not this month	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Beet	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Sow under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow outdoors and under cover	July: Sow outdoors and under cover	August: Sow outdoors and under cover	September: Sow under cover	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Parsnip	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Sow under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow outdoors and under cover	July: Sow under cover	August: Not this month	September: Not this month	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Radish	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Sow under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow outdoors and under cover	July: Sow outdoors and under cover	August: Sow outdoors and under cover	September: Sow outdoors and under cover	October: Sow under cover	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Potato	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Plant under cover	April: Plant outdoors and under cover	May: Plant outdoors and under cover	June: Plant outdoors and under cover	July: Not this month	August: Not this month	September: Not this month	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Turnip	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Sow under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow outdoors and under cover	July: Sow outdoors and under cover	August: Sow outdoors and under cover	September: Sow under cover	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Leaves
Lettuce	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Sow under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow outdoors and under cover	July: Sow outdoors and under cover	August: Sow outdoors and under cover	September: Sow under cover	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Spinach	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Sow under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow outdoors and under cover	July: Sow outdoors and under cover	August: Sow outdoors and under cover	September: Sow outdoors and under cover	October: Sow under cover	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Swiss chard	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Sow under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow outdoors and under cover	July: Sow outdoors and under cover	August: Sow outdoors and under cover	September: Sow under cover	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Arugula	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Sow under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow outdoors and under cover	July: Sow outdoors and under cover	August: Sow outdoors and under cover	September: Sow outdoors and under cover	October: Sow under cover	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Celery	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Sow under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow outdoors and under cover	July: Not this month	August: Not this month	September: Not this month	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Beans and peas
Runner bean	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Not this month	April: Not this month	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow outdoors and under cover	July: Sow outdoors and under cover	August: Sow under cover	September: Not this month	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Green bean	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Not this month	April: Not this month	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow outdoors and under cover	July: Sow outdoors and under cover	August: Sow outdoors and under cover	September: Sow under cover	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Fava bean	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Sow under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow under cover	June: Not this month	July: Not this month	August: Not this month	September: Not this month	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Pea	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Sow under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow outdoors and under cover	July: Sow outdoors and under cover	August: Sow under cover	September: Not this month	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Onion family
Onion	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Plant under cover	April: Plant outdoors and under cover	May: Plant outdoors and under cover	June: Plant under cover	July: Not this month	August: Not this month	September: Not this month	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Garlic	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Not this month	April: Not this month	May: Not this month	June: Not this month	July: Not this month	August: Not this month	September: Plant under cover	October: Plant outdoors and under cover	November: Plant outdoors and under cover	December: Plant under cover
Leek	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Sow under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow outdoors and under cover	July: Sow outdoors and under cover	August: Sow under cover	September: Not this month	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Scallion	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Sow under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow outdoors and under cover	July: Sow outdoors and under cover	August: Sow outdoors and under cover	September: Sow under cover	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Shallot	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Plant under cover	April: Plant outdoors and under cover	May: Plant outdoors and under cover	June: Plant outdoors and under cover	July: Plant under cover	August: Not this month	September: Not this month	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Brassicas
Cabbage	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Sow under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow outdoors and under cover	July: Sow outdoors and under cover	August: Sow outdoors and under cover	September: Sow under cover	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Broccoli	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Sow under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow outdoors and under cover	July: Sow outdoors and under cover	August: Sow under cover	September: Not this month	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Cauliflower	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Sow under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow outdoors and under cover	July: Sow outdoors and under cover	August: Sow under cover	September: Not this month	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Brussels sprout	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Sow under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow outdoors and under cover	July: Sow under cover	August: Not this month	September: Not this month	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Kale	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Sow under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow outdoors and under cover	July: Sow outdoors and under cover	August: Sow outdoors and under cover	September: Not this month	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Bok choy	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Sow under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow outdoors and under cover	July: Sow outdoors and under cover	August: Sow outdoors and under cover	September: Sow outdoors and under cover	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Herbs
Basil	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Not this month	April: Sow under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow outdoors and under cover	July: Sow outdoors and under cover	August: Sow outdoors and under cover	September: Sow under cover	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Parsley	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Sow under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow outdoors and under cover	July: Sow outdoors and under cover	August: Sow outdoors and under cover	September: Sow under cover	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Cilantro	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Sow under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow outdoors and under cover	July: Sow outdoors and under cover	August: Sow outdoors and under cover	September: Sow outdoors and under cover	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Chives	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Sow under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow outdoors and under cover	July: Sow outdoors and under cover	August: Sow outdoors and under cover	September: Not this month	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Mint	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Sow under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow outdoors and under cover	July: Sow outdoors and under cover	August: Sow outdoors and under cover	September: Sow outdoors and under cover	October: Sow under cover	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Fruit
Strawberry	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Plant under cover	April: Plant outdoors and under cover	May: Plant outdoors and under cover	June: Plant outdoors and under cover	July: Plant outdoors and under cover	August: Plant under cover	September: Not this month	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Raspberry	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Not this month	April: Not this month	May: Not this month	June: Not this month	July: Not this month	August: Not this month	September: Not this month	October: Plant under cover	November: Plant outdoors and under cover	December: Plant under cover
Rhubarb	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Not this month	April: Not this month	May: Not this month	June: Not this month	July: Not this month	August: Not this month	September: Plant under cover	October: Plant outdoors and under cover	November: Plant outdoors and under cover	December: Plant under cover

Fruit rows show when to plant, not sow.

Crop by crop

Fruiting

TomatoOutdoors May 31 to Jun 25; Under cover May 3 to Jul 23

Sow outdoors: May 31 to Jun 25
Under cover: May 3 to Jul 23
First harvest: About 66 days after sowing. Sown on May 31, ready around August 5.
Warmth: Tender: needs days averaging 12°C or more, and no frost.

Tomato across Canada, town by town

Chile pepperOutdoors May 30 to Jun 25; Under cover May 2 to Jul 23

Sow outdoors: May 30 to Jun 25
Under cover: May 2 to Jul 23
First harvest: About 84 days after sowing. Sown on May 30, ready around August 22.
Warmth: Tender: needs days averaging 12°C or more, and no frost.

Chile pepper across Canada, town by town

Bell pepperOutdoors Jun 4 to Jun 30; Under cover May 7 to Jul 28

Sow outdoors: Jun 4 to Jun 30
Under cover: May 7 to Jul 28
First harvest: About 78 days after sowing. Sown on June 4, ready around August 21.
Warmth: Tender: needs days averaging 12°C or more, and no frost.

Bell pepper across Canada, town by town

EggplantOutdoors Jun 4 to Jun 25; Under cover May 7 to Jul 23

Sow outdoors: Jun 4 to Jun 25
Under cover: May 7 to Jul 23
First harvest: About 90 days after sowing. Sown on June 4, ready around September 2.
Warmth: Tender: needs days averaging 12°C or more, and no frost.

Eggplant across Canada, town by town

ZucchiniOutdoors May 30 to Jul 10, and Jul 25 to Aug 16; Under cover May 2 to Sep 13

Sow outdoors: May 30 to Jul 10, and Jul 25 to Aug 16
Under cover: May 2 to Sep 13
First harvest: About 36 days after sowing. Sown on May 30, ready around July 5.
Warmth: Tender: needs days averaging 12°C or more, and no frost.

Zucchini across Canada, town by town

CucumberOutdoors May 30 to Jul 10, and Jul 25 to Aug 10; Under cover May 2 to Aug 10, and Aug 22 to Sep 7

Sow outdoors: May 30 to Jul 10, and Jul 25 to Aug 10
Under cover: May 2 to Aug 10, and Aug 22 to Sep 7
First harvest: About 42 days after sowing. Sown on May 30, ready around July 11.
Warmth: Tender: needs days averaging 12°C or more, and no frost.

Cucumber across Canada, town by town

Winter squashOutdoors May 30 to Jun 30; Under cover May 2 to Jul 28

Sow outdoors: May 30 to Jun 30
Under cover: May 2 to Jul 28
First harvest: About 66 days after sowing. Sown on May 30, ready around August 4.
Warmth: Tender: needs days averaging 12°C or more, and no frost.

Winter squash across Canada, town by town

Sweet cornOutdoors May 25 to Jun 30; Under cover Apr 27 to Jul 28

Sow outdoors: May 25 to Jun 30
Under cover: Apr 27 to Jul 28
First harvest: About 60 days after sowing. Sown on May 25, ready around July 24.
Warmth: Tender: needs days averaging 11°C or more, and no frost.

Sweet corn across Canada, town by town

Roots

CarrotOutdoors Apr 18 to Jul 29; Under cover Mar 21 to Aug 26

Sow outdoors: Apr 18 to Jul 29
Under cover: Mar 21 to Aug 26
First harvest: About 71 days after sowing. Sown on April 18, ready around June 28.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 7°C.

Carrot across Canada, town by town

BeetOutdoors Apr 18 to Aug 13; Under cover Mar 21 to Sep 10

Sow outdoors: Apr 18 to Aug 13
Under cover: Mar 21 to Sep 10
First harvest: About 50 days after sowing. Sown on April 18, ready around June 7.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 7°C.

Beet across Canada, town by town

ParsnipOutdoors Apr 13 to Jun 29; Under cover Mar 16 to Jul 27

Sow outdoors: Apr 13 to Jun 29
Under cover: Mar 16 to Jul 27
First harvest: About 87 days after sowing. Sown on April 13, ready around July 9.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 6°C.

Parsnip across Canada, town by town

RadishOutdoors Apr 13 to Sep 23; Under cover Mar 16 to Oct 21

Sow outdoors: Apr 13 to Sep 23
Under cover: Mar 16 to Oct 21
First harvest: About 19 days after sowing. Sown on April 13, ready around May 2.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 6°C; bolts in hot weather.

Radish across Canada, town by town

PotatoOutdoors Apr 13 to Jun 8; Under cover Mar 16 to Jul 6

Plant outdoors: Apr 13 to Jun 8
Under cover: Mar 16 to Jul 6
First harvest: About 66 days after planting. Planted on April 13, ready around June 18.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 6°C.

Potato across Canada, town by town

TurnipOutdoors Apr 13 to Aug 26; Under cover Mar 16 to Sep 23

Sow outdoors: Apr 13 to Aug 26
Under cover: Mar 16 to Sep 23
First harvest: About 39 days after sowing. Sown on April 13, ready around May 22.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 6°C.

Turnip across Canada, town by town

Leaves

LettuceOutdoors Apr 14 to Jun 10, and Jul 15 to Aug 21; Under cover Mar 17 to Sep 18

Sow outdoors: Apr 14 to Jun 10, and Jul 15 to Aug 21
Under cover: Mar 17 to Sep 18
First harvest: About 46 days after sowing. Sown on April 14, ready around May 30.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 6°C; bolts in hot weather.

Lettuce across Canada, town by town

SpinachOutdoors Apr 13 to Jun 10, and Jul 15 to Sep 17; Under cover Mar 16 to Oct 15

Sow outdoors: Apr 13 to Jun 10, and Jul 15 to Sep 17
Under cover: Mar 16 to Oct 15
First harvest: About 29 days after sowing. Sown on April 13, ready around May 12.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 6°C; bolts in hot weather.

Spinach across Canada, town by town

Swiss chardOutdoors Apr 18 to Aug 26; Under cover Mar 21 to Sep 23

Sow outdoors: Apr 18 to Aug 26
Under cover: Mar 21 to Sep 23
First harvest: About 43 days after sowing. Sown on April 18, ready around May 31.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 7°C.

Swiss chard across Canada, town by town

ArugulaOutdoors Apr 13 to Jun 10, and Jul 15 to Sep 18; Under cover Mar 16 to Oct 16

Sow outdoors: Apr 13 to Jun 10, and Jul 15 to Sep 18
Under cover: Mar 16 to Oct 16
First harvest: About 26 days after sowing. Sown on April 13, ready around May 9.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 6°C; bolts in hot weather.

Arugula across Canada, town by town

CeleryOutdoors Apr 9 to Jun 8; Under cover Mar 12 to Jul 6

Sow outdoors: Apr 9 to Jun 8
Under cover: Mar 12 to Jul 6
First harvest: About 79 days after sowing. Sown on April 9, ready around June 27.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 5°C.

Celery across Canada, town by town

Beans and peas

Runner beanOutdoors May 25 to Jul 10, and Jul 25 to Aug 3; Under cover Apr 27 to Aug 7, and Aug 22 to Aug 31

Sow outdoors: May 25 to Jul 10, and Jul 25 to Aug 3
Under cover: Apr 27 to Aug 7, and Aug 22 to Aug 31
First harvest: About 54 days after sowing. Sown on May 25, ready around July 18.
Warmth: Tender: needs days averaging 11°C or more, and no frost.

Runner bean across Canada, town by town

Green beanOutdoors May 25 to Aug 13; Under cover Apr 27 to Sep 10

Sow outdoors: May 25 to Aug 13
Under cover: Apr 27 to Sep 10
First harvest: About 47 days after sowing. Sown on May 25, ready around July 11.
Warmth: Tender: needs days averaging 11°C or more, and no frost.

Green bean across Canada, town by town

Fava beanOutdoors Apr 7 to Apr 22; Under cover Mar 10 to Mar 25, and Apr 7 to Apr 22, and May 5 to May 20

Sow outdoors: Apr 7 to Apr 22
Under cover: Mar 10 to Mar 25, and Apr 7 to Apr 22, and May 5 to May 20
First harvest: About 220 days after sowing. Sown on April 7, ready around November 13.
Warmth: Hardy: goes in as the weather cools, and grows on through winter.

Fava bean across Canada, town by town

PeaOutdoors Apr 13 to Aug 5; Under cover Mar 16 to Sep 2

Sow outdoors: Apr 13 to Aug 5
Under cover: Mar 16 to Sep 2
First harvest: About 52 days after sowing. Sown on April 13, ready around June 4.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 6°C; bolts in hot weather.

Pea across Canada, town by town

Onion family

OnionOutdoors Apr 11 to Jun 1; Under cover Mar 14 to Jun 29

Plant outdoors: Apr 11 to Jun 1
Under cover: Mar 14 to Jun 29
First harvest: About 91 days after planting. Planted on April 11, ready around July 11.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 6°C.

Onion across Canada, town by town

GarlicOutdoors Oct 11 to Nov 9; Under cover Sep 13 to Dec 7

Plant outdoors: Oct 11 to Nov 9
Under cover: Sep 13 to Dec 7
First harvest: About 250 days after planting. Planted on October 11, ready around June 18.
Warmth: Hardy: goes in as the weather cools, and grows on through winter.

Garlic across Canada, town by town

LeekOutdoors Apr 13 to Jul 29; Under cover Mar 16 to Aug 26

Sow outdoors: Apr 13 to Jul 29
Under cover: Mar 16 to Aug 26
First harvest: About 101 days after sowing. Sown on April 13, ready around July 23.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 6°C.

Leek across Canada, town by town

ScallionOutdoors Apr 9 to Sep 5; Under cover Mar 12 to Oct 3

Sow outdoors: Apr 9 to Sep 5
Under cover: Mar 12 to Oct 3
First harvest: About 42 days after sowing. Sown on April 9, ready around May 21.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 5°C.

Scallion across Canada, town by town

ShallotOutdoors Apr 7 to Jun 20; Under cover Mar 10 to Jul 18

Plant outdoors: Apr 7 to Jun 20
Under cover: Mar 10 to Jul 18
First harvest: About 78 days after planting. Planted on April 7, ready around June 24.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 5°C.

Shallot across Canada, town by town

Brassicas

CabbageOutdoors Apr 13 to Aug 13; Under cover Mar 16 to Sep 10

Sow outdoors: Apr 13 to Aug 13
Under cover: Mar 16 to Sep 10
First harvest: About 73 days after sowing. Sown on April 13, ready around June 25.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 6°C.

Cabbage across Canada, town by town

BroccoliOutdoors Apr 18 to Jul 30; Under cover Mar 21 to Aug 27

Sow outdoors: Apr 18 to Jul 30
Under cover: Mar 21 to Aug 27
First harvest: About 64 days after sowing. Sown on April 18, ready around June 21.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 7°C.

Broccoli across Canada, town by town

CauliflowerOutdoors Apr 13 to Jul 14; Under cover Mar 16 to Aug 11

Sow outdoors: Apr 13 to Jul 14
Under cover: Mar 16 to Aug 11
First harvest: About 80 days after sowing. Sown on April 13, ready around July 2.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 6°C; bolts in hot weather.

Cauliflower across Canada, town by town

Brussels sproutOutdoors Apr 13 to Jun 13; Under cover Mar 16 to Jul 11

Sow outdoors: Apr 13 to Jun 13
Under cover: Mar 16 to Jul 11
First harvest: About 119 days after sowing. Sown on April 13, ready around August 10.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 6°C.

Brussels sprout across Canada, town by town

KaleOutdoors Apr 18 to Aug 8; Under cover Mar 21 to Sep 5

Sow outdoors: Apr 18 to Aug 8
Under cover: Mar 21 to Sep 5
First harvest: About 57 days after sowing. Sown on April 18, ready around June 14.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 7°C.

Kale across Canada, town by town

Bok choyOutdoors Apr 22 to Jun 10, and Jul 15 to Sep 8; Under cover Mar 25 to Oct 6

Sow outdoors: Apr 22 to Jun 10, and Jul 15 to Sep 8
Under cover: Mar 25 to Oct 6
First harvest: About 35 days after sowing. Sown on April 22, ready around May 27.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 8°C; bolts in hot weather.

Bok choy across Canada, town by town

Herbs

BasilOutdoors Apr 26 to Aug 17; Under cover Mar 29 to Sep 14

Sow outdoors: Apr 26 to Aug 17
Under cover: Mar 29 to Sep 14
First harvest: About 39 days after sowing. Sown on April 26, ready around June 4.
Warmth: Tender: needs days averaging 8°C or more, and no frost.

Basil across Canada, town by town

ParsleyOutdoors Apr 13 to Aug 24; Under cover Mar 16 to Sep 21

Sow outdoors: Apr 13 to Aug 24
Under cover: Mar 16 to Sep 21
First harvest: About 48 days after sowing. Sown on April 13, ready around May 31.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 6°C.

Parsley across Canada, town by town

CilantroOutdoors Apr 18 to Jun 10, and Jul 15 to Sep 7; Under cover Mar 21 to Oct 5

Sow outdoors: Apr 18 to Jun 10, and Jul 15 to Sep 7
Under cover: Mar 21 to Oct 5
First harvest: About 36 days after sowing. Sown on April 18, ready around May 24.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 7°C; bolts in hot weather.

Cilantro across Canada, town by town

ChivesOutdoors Apr 13 to Jun 29, and Jul 25 to Aug 7; Under cover Mar 16 to Aug 7, and Aug 22 to Sep 4

Sow outdoors: Apr 13 to Jun 29, and Jul 25 to Aug 7
Under cover: Mar 16 to Aug 7, and Aug 22 to Sep 4
First harvest: Crops every year once it’s established.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 6°C.

Chives across Canada, town by town

MintOutdoors Apr 18 to Sep 27; Under cover Mar 21 to Oct 25

Sow outdoors: Apr 18 to Sep 27
Under cover: Mar 21 to Oct 25
First harvest: Crops every year once it’s established.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 7°C.

Mint across Canada, town by town

Fruit

StrawberryOutdoors Apr 13 to Jun 13, and Jul 25 to Aug 4; Under cover Mar 16 to Jul 11, and Jul 25 to Aug 4, and Aug 22 to Sep 1

Plant outdoors: Apr 13 to Jun 13, and Jul 25 to Aug 4
Under cover: Mar 16 to Jul 11, and Jul 25 to Aug 4, and Aug 22 to Sep 1
First harvest: Crops every year once it’s established.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 6°C.

Strawberry across Canada, town by town

RaspberryOutdoors Oct 28 to Nov 17; Under cover Sep 30 to Dec 15

Plant outdoors: Oct 28 to Nov 17
Under cover: Sep 30 to Dec 15
First harvest: Crops every year once it’s established.
Warmth: Hardy: goes in as the weather cools, and grows on through winter.

Raspberry across Canada, town by town

RhubarbOutdoors Oct 19 to Nov 14; Under cover Sep 21 to Dec 12

Plant outdoors: Oct 19 to Nov 14
Under cover: Sep 21 to Dec 12
First harvest: Crops every year once it’s established.
Warmth: Hardy: goes in as the weather cools, and grows on through winter.

Rhubarb across Canada, town by town

Nearby

Questions about growing in London

When is the last frost in London?

On average around April 26, and the first autumn frost comes around November 3. In a cold spring a frost can come a week or two late, so tender plants are safest out a week after the date.

Can I grow tomatoes outdoors in London?

Yes. Plant them outdoors May 31 to Jun 25, or under cover May 3 to Jul 23.

What can I sow in London in November?

Outdoors: garlic, raspberry, rhubarb.

How accurate are these dates?

They’re worked out from 30 years of climate data for this spot, adjusted for its height, so they’re a good guide for a typical year. Check the forecast before planting out anything tender.

Get these dates as reminders

Bia turns this calendar into a nudge when it’s time to sow, plant out and harvest, for your backyard or community garden plot in London. Free for 2 months.

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How these dates are worked out: climate records for this spot (ERA5-Land, 1995 to 2024), the local frost dates and the height above sea level turn a seed-packet date into a local one. Contains modified Copernicus Climate Change Service information; towns from GeoNames (CC BY 4.0). How sowing dates work