Ontario, Canada

Planting calendar for Richmond Hill

Last frost around April 27, first frost around October 24: about 180 frost-free days.

Last frost: April 27
First frost: October 24
Frost-free days: 180

Sow now: November

See the whole year

Outdoors

Raspberry
Rhubarb

Under cover

Garlic

The year at a glance

When each crop can be sown in Richmond Hill. Tap a crop for exact dates and when it’s ready to harvest.

Sow outdoorsSow under cover (indoors, a greenhouse or a cold frame)

When to sow each crop in Richmond Hill, month by month. Each month says whether you can sow outdoors, under cover, or both.
Crop	JJan	FFeb	MMar	AApr	MMay	JJun	JJul	AAug	SSep	OOct	NNov	DDec
Fruiting
Tomato	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Not this month	April: Not this month	May: Sow under cover	June: Sow outdoors and under cover	July: Sow under cover	August: Not this month	September: Not this month	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Chile pepper	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Not this month	April: Not this month	May: Sow under cover	June: Sow outdoors and under cover	July: Sow under cover	August: Not this month	September: Not this month	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Bell pepper	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Not this month	April: Not this month	May: Sow under cover	June: Sow outdoors and under cover	July: Sow under cover	August: Not this month	September: Not this month	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Eggplant	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Not this month	April: Not this month	May: Sow under cover	June: Sow outdoors and under cover	July: Sow under cover	August: Not this month	September: Not this month	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Zucchini	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Not this month	April: Not this month	May: Sow under cover	June: Sow outdoors and under cover	July: Sow outdoors and under cover	August: Sow outdoors and under cover	September: Sow under cover	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Cucumber	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Not this month	April: Not this month	May: Sow under cover	June: Sow outdoors and under cover	July: Sow outdoors and under cover	August: Sow outdoors and under cover	September: Not this month	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Winter squash	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Not this month	April: Not this month	May: Sow under cover	June: Sow outdoors and under cover	July: Sow under cover	August: Not this month	September: Not this month	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Sweet corn	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Not this month	April: Not this month	May: Sow under cover	June: Sow outdoors and under cover	July: Sow under cover	August: Not this month	September: Not this month	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Roots
Carrot	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Sow under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow outdoors and under cover	July: Sow outdoors and under cover	August: Sow under cover	September: Not this month	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Beet	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Sow under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow outdoors and under cover	July: Sow outdoors and under cover	August: Sow outdoors and under cover	September: Not this month	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Parsnip	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Sow under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow outdoors and under cover	July: Sow under cover	August: Not this month	September: Not this month	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Radish	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Sow under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow outdoors and under cover	July: Sow outdoors and under cover	August: Sow outdoors and under cover	September: Sow outdoors and under cover	October: Sow under cover	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Potato	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Plant under cover	April: Plant outdoors and under cover	May: Plant outdoors and under cover	June: Plant outdoors and under cover	July: Plant under cover	August: Not this month	September: Not this month	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Turnip	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Sow under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow outdoors and under cover	July: Sow outdoors and under cover	August: Sow outdoors and under cover	September: Sow under cover	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Leaves
Lettuce	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Sow under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow outdoors and under cover	July: Sow outdoors and under cover	August: Sow outdoors and under cover	September: Sow under cover	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Spinach	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Sow under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow outdoors and under cover	July: Sow outdoors and under cover	August: Sow outdoors and under cover	September: Sow outdoors and under cover	October: Sow under cover	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Swiss chard	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Sow under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow outdoors and under cover	July: Sow outdoors and under cover	August: Sow outdoors and under cover	September: Sow under cover	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Arugula	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Sow under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow outdoors and under cover	July: Sow outdoors and under cover	August: Sow outdoors and under cover	September: Sow outdoors and under cover	October: Sow under cover	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Celery	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Sow under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow outdoors and under cover	July: Sow under cover	August: Not this month	September: Not this month	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Beans and peas
Runner bean	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Not this month	April: Not this month	May: Sow under cover	June: Sow outdoors and under cover	July: Sow outdoors and under cover	August: Sow under cover	September: Not this month	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Green bean	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Not this month	April: Not this month	May: Sow under cover	June: Sow outdoors and under cover	July: Sow outdoors and under cover	August: Sow outdoors and under cover	September: Not this month	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Fava bean	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Sow under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow under cover	June: Not this month	July: Not this month	August: Not this month	September: Not this month	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Pea	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Sow under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow outdoors and under cover	July: Sow outdoors and under cover	August: Sow under cover	September: Not this month	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Onion family
Onion	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Plant under cover	April: Plant outdoors and under cover	May: Plant outdoors and under cover	June: Plant under cover	July: Not this month	August: Not this month	September: Not this month	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Garlic	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Not this month	April: Not this month	May: Not this month	June: Not this month	July: Not this month	August: Not this month	September: Plant under cover	October: Plant outdoors and under cover	November: Plant under cover	December: Not this month
Leek	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Sow under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow outdoors and under cover	July: Sow outdoors and under cover	August: Sow under cover	September: Not this month	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Scallion	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Sow under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow outdoors and under cover	July: Sow outdoors and under cover	August: Sow outdoors and under cover	September: Sow under cover	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Shallot	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Plant under cover	April: Plant outdoors and under cover	May: Plant outdoors and under cover	June: Plant outdoors and under cover	July: Plant under cover	August: Not this month	September: Not this month	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Brassicas
Cabbage	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Sow under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow outdoors and under cover	July: Sow outdoors and under cover	August: Sow outdoors and under cover	September: Sow under cover	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Broccoli	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Sow under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow outdoors and under cover	July: Sow outdoors and under cover	August: Sow under cover	September: Not this month	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Cauliflower	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Sow under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow outdoors and under cover	July: Sow outdoors and under cover	August: Sow under cover	September: Not this month	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Brussels sprout	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Sow under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow outdoors and under cover	July: Sow under cover	August: Not this month	September: Not this month	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Kale	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Sow under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow outdoors and under cover	July: Sow outdoors and under cover	August: Sow under cover	September: Not this month	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Bok choy	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Not this month	April: Sow under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow outdoors and under cover	July: Sow outdoors and under cover	August: Sow outdoors and under cover	September: Sow under cover	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Herbs
Basil	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Not this month	April: Sow under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow outdoors and under cover	July: Sow outdoors and under cover	August: Sow outdoors and under cover	September: Sow under cover	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Parsley	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Sow under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow outdoors and under cover	July: Sow outdoors and under cover	August: Sow outdoors and under cover	September: Sow under cover	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Cilantro	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Sow under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow outdoors and under cover	July: Sow outdoors and under cover	August: Sow outdoors and under cover	September: Sow under cover	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Chives	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Sow under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow outdoors and under cover	July: Sow outdoors and under cover	August: Sow under cover	September: Not this month	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Mint	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Sow under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow outdoors and under cover	July: Sow outdoors and under cover	August: Sow outdoors and under cover	September: Sow outdoors and under cover	October: Sow under cover	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Fruit
Strawberry	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Plant under cover	April: Plant outdoors and under cover	May: Plant outdoors and under cover	June: Plant outdoors and under cover	July: Plant outdoors and under cover	August: Plant under cover	September: Not this month	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Raspberry	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Not this month	April: Not this month	May: Not this month	June: Not this month	July: Not this month	August: Not this month	September: Not this month	October: Plant outdoors and under cover	November: Plant outdoors and under cover	December: Plant under cover
Rhubarb	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Not this month	April: Not this month	May: Not this month	June: Not this month	July: Not this month	August: Not this month	September: Plant under cover	October: Plant outdoors and under cover	November: Plant outdoors and under cover	December: Plant under cover

Fruit rows show when to plant, not sow.

Crop by crop

Fruiting

TomatoOutdoors Jun 1 to Jun 26; Under cover May 4 to Jul 24

Sow outdoors: Jun 1 to Jun 26
Under cover: May 4 to Jul 24
First harvest: About 66 days after sowing. Sown on June 1, ready around August 6.
Warmth: Tender: needs days averaging 12°C or more, and no frost.

Tomato across Canada, town by town

Chile pepperOutdoors May 31 to Jun 26; Under cover May 3 to Jul 24

Sow outdoors: May 31 to Jun 26
Under cover: May 3 to Jul 24
First harvest: About 84 days after sowing. Sown on May 31, ready around August 23.
Warmth: Tender: needs days averaging 12°C or more, and no frost.

Chile pepper across Canada, town by town

Bell pepperOutdoors Jun 5 to Jul 1; Under cover May 8 to Jul 29

Sow outdoors: Jun 5 to Jul 1
Under cover: May 8 to Jul 29
First harvest: About 78 days after sowing. Sown on June 5, ready around August 22.
Warmth: Tender: needs days averaging 12°C or more, and no frost.

Bell pepper across Canada, town by town

EggplantOutdoors Jun 5 to Jun 26; Under cover May 8 to Jul 24

Sow outdoors: Jun 5 to Jun 26
Under cover: May 8 to Jul 24
First harvest: About 90 days after sowing. Sown on June 5, ready around September 3.
Warmth: Tender: needs days averaging 12°C or more, and no frost.

Eggplant across Canada, town by town

ZucchiniOutdoors May 31 to Aug 12; Under cover May 3 to Sep 9

Sow outdoors: May 31 to Aug 12
Under cover: May 3 to Sep 9
First harvest: About 41 days after sowing. Sown on May 31, ready around July 11.
Warmth: Tender: needs days averaging 12°C or more, and no frost.

Zucchini across Canada, town by town

CucumberOutdoors May 31 to Aug 7; Under cover May 3 to Sep 4

Sow outdoors: May 31 to Aug 7
Under cover: May 3 to Sep 4
First harvest: About 44 days after sowing. Sown on May 31, ready around July 14.
Warmth: Tender: needs days averaging 12°C or more, and no frost.

Cucumber across Canada, town by town

Winter squashOutdoors May 31 to Jul 1; Under cover May 3 to Jul 29

Sow outdoors: May 31 to Jul 1
Under cover: May 3 to Jul 29
First harvest: About 66 days after sowing. Sown on May 31, ready around August 5.
Warmth: Tender: needs days averaging 12°C or more, and no frost.

Winter squash across Canada, town by town

Sweet cornOutdoors May 26 to Jul 1; Under cover Apr 28 to Jul 29

Sow outdoors: May 26 to Jul 1
Under cover: Apr 28 to Jul 29
First harvest: About 60 days after sowing. Sown on May 26, ready around July 25.
Warmth: Tender: needs days averaging 11°C or more, and no frost.

Sweet corn across Canada, town by town

Roots

CarrotOutdoors Apr 21 to Jul 30; Under cover Mar 24 to Aug 27

Sow outdoors: Apr 21 to Jul 30
Under cover: Mar 24 to Aug 27
First harvest: About 71 days after sowing. Sown on April 21, ready around July 1.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 7°C.

Carrot across Canada, town by town

BeetOutdoors Apr 21 to Aug 9; Under cover Mar 24 to Sep 6

Sow outdoors: Apr 21 to Aug 9
Under cover: Mar 24 to Sep 6
First harvest: About 50 days after sowing. Sown on April 21, ready around June 10.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 7°C.

Beet across Canada, town by town

ParsnipOutdoors Apr 16 to Jul 2; Under cover Mar 19 to Jul 30

Sow outdoors: Apr 16 to Jul 2
Under cover: Mar 19 to Jul 30
First harvest: About 86 days after sowing. Sown on April 16, ready around July 11.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 6°C.

Parsnip across Canada, town by town

RadishOutdoors Apr 16 to Sep 19; Under cover Mar 19 to Oct 17

Sow outdoors: Apr 16 to Sep 19
Under cover: Mar 19 to Oct 17
First harvest: About 18 days after sowing. Sown on April 16, ready around May 4.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 6°C; bolts in hot weather.

Radish across Canada, town by town

PotatoOutdoors Apr 16 to Jun 11; Under cover Mar 19 to Jul 9

Plant outdoors: Apr 16 to Jun 11
Under cover: Mar 19 to Jul 9
First harvest: About 65 days after planting. Planted on April 16, ready around June 20.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 6°C.

Potato across Canada, town by town

TurnipOutdoors Apr 16 to Aug 22; Under cover Mar 19 to Sep 19

Sow outdoors: Apr 16 to Aug 22
Under cover: Mar 19 to Sep 19
First harvest: About 38 days after sowing. Sown on April 16, ready around May 24.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 6°C.

Turnip across Canada, town by town

Leaves

LettuceOutdoors Apr 17 to Aug 17; Under cover Mar 20 to Sep 14

Sow outdoors: Apr 17 to Aug 17
Under cover: Mar 20 to Sep 14
First harvest: About 45 days after sowing. Sown on April 17, ready around June 1.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 6°C; bolts in hot weather.

Lettuce across Canada, town by town

SpinachOutdoors Apr 16 to Sep 14; Under cover Mar 19 to Oct 12

Sow outdoors: Apr 16 to Sep 14
Under cover: Mar 19 to Oct 12
First harvest: About 28 days after sowing. Sown on April 16, ready around May 14.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 6°C; bolts in hot weather.

Spinach across Canada, town by town

Swiss chardOutdoors Apr 21 to Aug 22; Under cover Mar 24 to Sep 19

Sow outdoors: Apr 21 to Aug 22
Under cover: Mar 24 to Sep 19
First harvest: About 43 days after sowing. Sown on April 21, ready around June 3.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 7°C.

Swiss chard across Canada, town by town

ArugulaOutdoors Apr 16 to Sep 15; Under cover Mar 19 to Oct 13

Sow outdoors: Apr 16 to Sep 15
Under cover: Mar 19 to Oct 13
First harvest: About 25 days after sowing. Sown on April 16, ready around May 11.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 6°C; bolts in hot weather.

Arugula across Canada, town by town

CeleryOutdoors Apr 13 to Jun 12; Under cover Mar 16 to Jul 10

Sow outdoors: Apr 13 to Jun 12
Under cover: Mar 16 to Jul 10
First harvest: About 80 days after sowing. Sown on April 13, ready around July 2.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 5°C.

Celery across Canada, town by town

Beans and peas

Runner beanOutdoors May 26 to Jul 30; Under cover Apr 28 to Aug 27

Sow outdoors: May 26 to Jul 30
Under cover: Apr 28 to Aug 27
First harvest: About 56 days after sowing. Sown on May 26, ready around July 21.
Warmth: Tender: needs days averaging 11°C or more, and no frost.

Runner bean across Canada, town by town

Green beanOutdoors May 26 to Aug 9; Under cover Apr 28 to Sep 6

Sow outdoors: May 26 to Aug 9
Under cover: Apr 28 to Sep 6
First harvest: About 49 days after sowing. Sown on May 26, ready around July 14.
Warmth: Tender: needs days averaging 11°C or more, and no frost.

Green bean across Canada, town by town

Fava beanOutdoors Apr 11 to Apr 25; Under cover Mar 14 to Mar 28, and Apr 11 to Apr 25, and May 9 to May 23

Sow outdoors: Apr 11 to Apr 25
Under cover: Mar 14 to Mar 28, and Apr 11 to Apr 25, and May 9 to May 23
First harvest: About 220 days after sowing. Sown on April 11, ready around November 17.
Warmth: Hardy: goes in as the weather cools, and grows on through winter.

Fava bean across Canada, town by town

PeaOutdoors Apr 16 to Aug 1; Under cover Mar 19 to Aug 29

Sow outdoors: Apr 16 to Aug 1
Under cover: Mar 19 to Aug 29
First harvest: About 51 days after sowing. Sown on April 16, ready around June 6.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 6°C; bolts in hot weather.

Pea across Canada, town by town

Onion family

OnionOutdoors Apr 15 to Jun 5; Under cover Mar 18 to Jul 3

Plant outdoors: Apr 15 to Jun 5
Under cover: Mar 18 to Jul 3
First harvest: About 91 days after planting. Planted on April 15, ready around July 15.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 6°C.

Onion across Canada, town by town

GarlicOutdoors Oct 8 to Nov 5; Under cover Sep 10 to Dec 3

Plant outdoors: Oct 8 to Nov 5
Under cover: Sep 10 to Dec 3
First harvest: About 250 days after planting. Planted on October 8, ready around June 15.
Warmth: Hardy: goes in as the weather cools, and grows on through winter.

Garlic across Canada, town by town

LeekOutdoors Apr 16 to Aug 1; Under cover Mar 19 to Aug 29

Sow outdoors: Apr 16 to Aug 1
Under cover: Mar 19 to Aug 29
First harvest: About 100 days after sowing. Sown on April 16, ready around July 25.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 6°C.

Leek across Canada, town by town

ScallionOutdoors Apr 13 to Sep 1; Under cover Mar 16 to Sep 29

Sow outdoors: Apr 13 to Sep 1
Under cover: Mar 16 to Sep 29
First harvest: About 42 days after sowing. Sown on April 13, ready around May 25.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 5°C.

Scallion across Canada, town by town

ShallotOutdoors Apr 11 to Jun 24; Under cover Mar 14 to Jul 22

Plant outdoors: Apr 11 to Jun 24
Under cover: Mar 14 to Jul 22
First harvest: About 78 days after planting. Planted on April 11, ready around June 28.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 5°C.

Shallot across Canada, town by town

Brassicas

CabbageOutdoors Apr 16 to Aug 16; Under cover Mar 19 to Sep 13

Sow outdoors: Apr 16 to Aug 16
Under cover: Mar 19 to Sep 13
First harvest: About 72 days after sowing. Sown on April 16, ready around June 27.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 6°C.

Cabbage across Canada, town by town

BroccoliOutdoors Apr 21 to Jul 26; Under cover Mar 24 to Aug 23

Sow outdoors: Apr 21 to Jul 26
Under cover: Mar 24 to Aug 23
First harvest: About 64 days after sowing. Sown on April 21, ready around June 24.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 7°C.

Broccoli across Canada, town by town

CauliflowerOutdoors Apr 16 to Jul 17; Under cover Mar 19 to Aug 14

Sow outdoors: Apr 16 to Jul 17
Under cover: Mar 19 to Aug 14
First harvest: About 79 days after sowing. Sown on April 16, ready around July 4.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 6°C; bolts in hot weather.

Cauliflower across Canada, town by town

Brussels sproutOutdoors Apr 16 to Jun 16; Under cover Mar 19 to Jul 14

Sow outdoors: Apr 16 to Jun 16
Under cover: Mar 19 to Jul 14
First harvest: About 119 days after sowing. Sown on April 16, ready around August 13.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 6°C.

Brussels sprout across Canada, town by town

KaleOutdoors Apr 21 to Aug 4; Under cover Mar 24 to Sep 1

Sow outdoors: Apr 21 to Aug 4
Under cover: Mar 24 to Sep 1
First harvest: About 57 days after sowing. Sown on April 21, ready around June 17.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 7°C.

Kale across Canada, town by town

Bok choyOutdoors Apr 26 to Sep 5; Under cover Mar 29 to Oct 3

Sow outdoors: Apr 26 to Sep 5
Under cover: Mar 29 to Oct 3
First harvest: About 35 days after sowing. Sown on April 26, ready around May 31.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 8°C; bolts in hot weather.

Bok choy across Canada, town by town

Herbs

BasilOutdoors Apr 27 to Aug 13; Under cover Mar 30 to Sep 10

Sow outdoors: Apr 27 to Aug 13
Under cover: Mar 30 to Sep 10
First harvest: About 37 days after sowing. Sown on April 27, ready around June 3.
Warmth: Tender: needs days averaging 8°C or more, and no frost.

Basil across Canada, town by town

ParsleyOutdoors Apr 16 to Aug 20; Under cover Mar 19 to Sep 17

Sow outdoors: Apr 16 to Aug 20
Under cover: Mar 19 to Sep 17
First harvest: About 47 days after sowing. Sown on April 16, ready around June 2.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 6°C.

Parsley across Canada, town by town

CilantroOutdoors Apr 21 to Sep 3; Under cover Mar 24 to Oct 1

Sow outdoors: Apr 21 to Sep 3
Under cover: Mar 24 to Oct 1
First harvest: About 36 days after sowing. Sown on April 21, ready around May 27.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 7°C; bolts in hot weather.

Cilantro across Canada, town by town

ChivesOutdoors Apr 16 to Jul 2, and Jul 25 to Aug 3; Under cover Mar 19 to Aug 3, and Aug 22 to Aug 31

Sow outdoors: Apr 16 to Jul 2, and Jul 25 to Aug 3
Under cover: Mar 19 to Aug 3, and Aug 22 to Aug 31
First harvest: Crops every year once it’s established.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 6°C.

Chives across Canada, town by town

MintOutdoors Apr 21 to Sep 24; Under cover Mar 24 to Oct 22

Sow outdoors: Apr 21 to Sep 24
Under cover: Mar 24 to Oct 22
First harvest: Crops every year once it’s established.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 7°C.

Mint across Canada, town by town

Fruit

StrawberryOutdoors Apr 16 to Jun 16, and Jul 25 to Jul 31; Under cover Mar 19 to Jul 14, and Jul 25 to Jul 31, and Aug 22 to Aug 28

Plant outdoors: Apr 16 to Jun 16, and Jul 25 to Jul 31
Under cover: Mar 19 to Jul 14, and Jul 25 to Jul 31, and Aug 22 to Aug 28
First harvest: Crops every year once it’s established.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 6°C.

Strawberry across Canada, town by town

RaspberryOutdoors Oct 25 to Nov 12; Under cover Sep 27 to Oct 15, and Oct 25 to Nov 12, and Nov 22 to Dec 10

Plant outdoors: Oct 25 to Nov 12
Under cover: Sep 27 to Oct 15, and Oct 25 to Nov 12, and Nov 22 to Dec 10
First harvest: Crops every year once it’s established.
Warmth: Hardy: goes in as the weather cools, and grows on through winter.

Raspberry across Canada, town by town

RhubarbOutdoors Oct 16 to Nov 9; Under cover Sep 18 to Dec 7

Plant outdoors: Oct 16 to Nov 9
Under cover: Sep 18 to Dec 7
First harvest: Crops every year once it’s established.
Warmth: Hardy: goes in as the weather cools, and grows on through winter.

Rhubarb across Canada, town by town

Nearby

Questions about growing in Richmond Hill

When is the last frost in Richmond Hill?

On average around April 27, and the first autumn frost comes around October 24. In a cold spring a frost can come a week or two late, so tender plants are safest out a week after the date.

Can I grow tomatoes outdoors in Richmond Hill?

Yes. Plant them outdoors Jun 1 to Jun 26, or under cover May 4 to Jul 24.

What can I sow in Richmond Hill in November?

Outdoors: raspberry, rhubarb. Under cover: garlic.

How accurate are these dates?

They’re worked out from 30 years of climate data for this spot, adjusted for its height, so they’re a good guide for a typical year. Check the forecast before planting out anything tender.

Get these dates as reminders

Bia turns this calendar into a nudge when it’s time to sow, plant out and harvest, for your backyard or community garden plot in Richmond Hill. Free for 2 months.

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How these dates are worked out: climate records for this spot (ERA5-Land, 1995 to 2024), the local frost dates and the height above sea level turn a seed-packet date into a local one. Contains modified Copernicus Climate Change Service information; towns from GeoNames (CC BY 4.0). How sowing dates work