Ontario, Canada

Planting calendar for Vaughan

Last frost around April 26, first frost around October 24: about 181 frost-free days.

Last frost: April 26
First frost: October 24
Frost-free days: 181

Sow now: November

See the whole year

Outdoors

Raspberry
Rhubarb

Under cover

Garlic

The year at a glance

When each crop can be sown in Vaughan. Tap a crop for exact dates and when it’s ready to harvest.

Sow outdoorsSow under cover (indoors, a greenhouse or a cold frame)

When to sow each crop in Vaughan, month by month. Each month says whether you can sow outdoors, under cover, or both.
Crop	JJan	FFeb	MMar	AApr	MMay	JJun	JJul	AAug	SSep	OOct	NNov	DDec
Fruiting
Tomato	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Not this month	April: Not this month	May: Sow under cover	June: Sow outdoors and under cover	July: Sow under cover	August: Not this month	September: Not this month	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Chile pepper	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Not this month	April: Not this month	May: Sow under cover	June: Sow outdoors and under cover	July: Sow under cover	August: Not this month	September: Not this month	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Bell pepper	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Not this month	April: Not this month	May: Sow under cover	June: Sow outdoors and under cover	July: Sow under cover	August: Not this month	September: Not this month	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Eggplant	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Not this month	April: Not this month	May: Sow under cover	June: Sow outdoors and under cover	July: Sow under cover	August: Not this month	September: Not this month	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Zucchini	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Not this month	April: Not this month	May: Sow under cover	June: Sow outdoors and under cover	July: Sow outdoors and under cover	August: Sow outdoors and under cover	September: Sow under cover	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Cucumber	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Not this month	April: Not this month	May: Sow under cover	June: Sow outdoors and under cover	July: Sow outdoors and under cover	August: Sow outdoors and under cover	September: Not this month	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Winter squash	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Not this month	April: Not this month	May: Sow under cover	June: Sow outdoors and under cover	July: Sow under cover	August: Not this month	September: Not this month	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Sweet corn	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Not this month	April: Not this month	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow outdoors and under cover	July: Sow under cover	August: Not this month	September: Not this month	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Roots
Carrot	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Sow under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow outdoors and under cover	July: Sow outdoors and under cover	August: Sow under cover	September: Not this month	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Beet	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Sow under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow outdoors and under cover	July: Sow outdoors and under cover	August: Sow outdoors and under cover	September: Sow under cover	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Parsnip	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Sow under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow outdoors and under cover	July: Sow under cover	August: Not this month	September: Not this month	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Radish	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Sow under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow outdoors and under cover	July: Sow outdoors and under cover	August: Sow outdoors and under cover	September: Sow outdoors and under cover	October: Sow under cover	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Potato	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Plant under cover	April: Plant outdoors and under cover	May: Plant outdoors and under cover	June: Plant outdoors and under cover	July: Plant under cover	August: Not this month	September: Not this month	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Turnip	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Sow under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow outdoors and under cover	July: Sow outdoors and under cover	August: Sow outdoors and under cover	September: Sow under cover	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Leaves
Lettuce	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Sow under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow outdoors and under cover	July: Sow outdoors and under cover	August: Sow outdoors and under cover	September: Sow under cover	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Spinach	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Sow under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow outdoors and under cover	July: Sow outdoors and under cover	August: Sow outdoors and under cover	September: Sow outdoors and under cover	October: Sow under cover	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Swiss chard	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Sow under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow outdoors and under cover	July: Sow outdoors and under cover	August: Sow outdoors and under cover	September: Sow under cover	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Arugula	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Sow under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow outdoors and under cover	July: Sow outdoors and under cover	August: Sow outdoors and under cover	September: Sow outdoors and under cover	October: Sow under cover	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Celery	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Sow under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow outdoors and under cover	July: Sow under cover	August: Not this month	September: Not this month	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Beans and peas
Runner bean	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Not this month	April: Not this month	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow outdoors and under cover	July: Sow outdoors and under cover	August: Sow under cover	September: Not this month	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Green bean	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Not this month	April: Not this month	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow outdoors and under cover	July: Sow outdoors and under cover	August: Sow outdoors and under cover	September: Sow under cover	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Fava bean	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Sow under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow under cover	June: Not this month	July: Not this month	August: Not this month	September: Not this month	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Pea	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Sow under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow outdoors and under cover	July: Sow outdoors and under cover	August: Sow under cover	September: Not this month	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Onion family
Onion	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Plant under cover	April: Plant outdoors and under cover	May: Plant outdoors and under cover	June: Plant under cover	July: Not this month	August: Not this month	September: Not this month	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Garlic	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Not this month	April: Not this month	May: Not this month	June: Not this month	July: Not this month	August: Not this month	September: Plant under cover	October: Plant outdoors and under cover	November: Plant under cover	December: Not this month
Leek	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Sow under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow outdoors and under cover	July: Sow outdoors and under cover	August: Sow under cover	September: Not this month	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Scallion	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Sow under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow outdoors and under cover	July: Sow outdoors and under cover	August: Sow outdoors and under cover	September: Sow under cover	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Shallot	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Plant under cover	April: Plant outdoors and under cover	May: Plant outdoors and under cover	June: Plant outdoors and under cover	July: Plant under cover	August: Not this month	September: Not this month	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Brassicas
Cabbage	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Sow under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow outdoors and under cover	July: Sow outdoors and under cover	August: Sow outdoors and under cover	September: Sow under cover	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Broccoli	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Sow under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow outdoors and under cover	July: Sow outdoors and under cover	August: Sow under cover	September: Not this month	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Cauliflower	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Sow under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow outdoors and under cover	July: Sow outdoors and under cover	August: Sow under cover	September: Not this month	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Brussels sprout	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Sow under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow outdoors and under cover	July: Sow under cover	August: Not this month	September: Not this month	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Kale	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Sow under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow outdoors and under cover	July: Sow outdoors and under cover	August: Sow under cover	September: Not this month	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Bok choy	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Not this month	April: Sow under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow outdoors and under cover	July: Sow outdoors and under cover	August: Sow outdoors and under cover	September: Sow under cover	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Herbs
Basil	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Not this month	April: Sow under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow outdoors and under cover	July: Sow outdoors and under cover	August: Sow outdoors and under cover	September: Sow under cover	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Parsley	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Sow under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow outdoors and under cover	July: Sow outdoors and under cover	August: Sow outdoors and under cover	September: Sow under cover	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Cilantro	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Sow under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow outdoors and under cover	July: Sow outdoors and under cover	August: Sow outdoors and under cover	September: Sow under cover	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Chives	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Sow under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow outdoors and under cover	July: Sow outdoors and under cover	August: Sow under cover	September: Not this month	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Mint	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Sow under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow outdoors and under cover	July: Sow outdoors and under cover	August: Sow outdoors and under cover	September: Sow outdoors and under cover	October: Sow under cover	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Fruit
Strawberry	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Plant under cover	April: Plant outdoors and under cover	May: Plant outdoors and under cover	June: Plant outdoors and under cover	July: Plant outdoors and under cover	August: Plant under cover	September: Not this month	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Raspberry	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Not this month	April: Not this month	May: Not this month	June: Not this month	July: Not this month	August: Not this month	September: Not this month	October: Plant outdoors and under cover	November: Plant outdoors and under cover	December: Plant under cover
Rhubarb	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Not this month	April: Not this month	May: Not this month	June: Not this month	July: Not this month	August: Not this month	September: Plant under cover	October: Plant outdoors and under cover	November: Plant outdoors and under cover	December: Plant under cover

Fruit rows show when to plant, not sow.

Crop by crop

Fruiting

TomatoOutdoors May 31 to Jun 25; Under cover May 3 to Jul 23

Sow outdoors: May 31 to Jun 25
Under cover: May 3 to Jul 23
First harvest: About 66 days after sowing. Sown on May 31, ready around August 5.
Warmth: Tender: needs days averaging 12°C or more, and no frost.

Tomato across Canada, town by town

Chile pepperOutdoors May 30 to Jun 25; Under cover May 2 to Jul 23

Sow outdoors: May 30 to Jun 25
Under cover: May 2 to Jul 23
First harvest: About 84 days after sowing. Sown on May 30, ready around August 22.
Warmth: Tender: needs days averaging 12°C or more, and no frost.

Chile pepper across Canada, town by town

Bell pepperOutdoors Jun 4 to Jun 30; Under cover May 7 to Jul 28

Sow outdoors: Jun 4 to Jun 30
Under cover: May 7 to Jul 28
First harvest: About 78 days after sowing. Sown on June 4, ready around August 21.
Warmth: Tender: needs days averaging 12°C or more, and no frost.

Bell pepper across Canada, town by town

EggplantOutdoors Jun 4 to Jun 25; Under cover May 7 to Jul 23

Sow outdoors: Jun 4 to Jun 25
Under cover: May 7 to Jul 23
First harvest: About 90 days after sowing. Sown on June 4, ready around September 2.
Warmth: Tender: needs days averaging 12°C or more, and no frost.

Eggplant across Canada, town by town

ZucchiniOutdoors May 30 to Jul 10, and Jul 25 to Aug 12; Under cover May 2 to Aug 12, and Aug 22 to Sep 9

Sow outdoors: May 30 to Jul 10, and Jul 25 to Aug 12
Under cover: May 2 to Aug 12, and Aug 22 to Sep 9
First harvest: About 41 days after sowing. Sown on May 30, ready around July 10.
Warmth: Tender: needs days averaging 12°C or more, and no frost.

Zucchini across Canada, town by town

CucumberOutdoors May 30 to Jul 10, and Jul 25 to Aug 7; Under cover May 2 to Aug 7, and Aug 22 to Sep 4

Sow outdoors: May 30 to Jul 10, and Jul 25 to Aug 7
Under cover: May 2 to Aug 7, and Aug 22 to Sep 4
First harvest: About 44 days after sowing. Sown on May 30, ready around July 13.
Warmth: Tender: needs days averaging 12°C or more, and no frost.

Cucumber across Canada, town by town

Winter squashOutdoors May 30 to Jun 30; Under cover May 2 to Jul 28

Sow outdoors: May 30 to Jun 30
Under cover: May 2 to Jul 28
First harvest: About 66 days after sowing. Sown on May 30, ready around August 4.
Warmth: Tender: needs days averaging 12°C or more, and no frost.

Winter squash across Canada, town by town

Sweet cornOutdoors May 25 to Jun 30; Under cover Apr 27 to Jul 28

Sow outdoors: May 25 to Jun 30
Under cover: Apr 27 to Jul 28
First harvest: About 60 days after sowing. Sown on May 25, ready around July 24.
Warmth: Tender: needs days averaging 11°C or more, and no frost.

Sweet corn across Canada, town by town

Roots

CarrotOutdoors Apr 20 to Jul 29; Under cover Mar 23 to Aug 26

Sow outdoors: Apr 20 to Jul 29
Under cover: Mar 23 to Aug 26
First harvest: About 70 days after sowing. Sown on April 20, ready around June 29.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 7°C.

Carrot across Canada, town by town

BeetOutdoors Apr 20 to Aug 10; Under cover Mar 23 to Sep 7

Sow outdoors: Apr 20 to Aug 10
Under cover: Mar 23 to Sep 7
First harvest: About 49 days after sowing. Sown on April 20, ready around June 8.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 7°C.

Beet across Canada, town by town

ParsnipOutdoors Apr 16 to Jul 2; Under cover Mar 19 to Jul 30

Sow outdoors: Apr 16 to Jul 2
Under cover: Mar 19 to Jul 30
First harvest: About 87 days after sowing. Sown on April 16, ready around July 12.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 6°C.

Parsnip across Canada, town by town

RadishOutdoors Apr 16 to Sep 20; Under cover Mar 19 to Oct 18

Sow outdoors: Apr 16 to Sep 20
Under cover: Mar 19 to Oct 18
First harvest: About 19 days after sowing. Sown on April 16, ready around May 5.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 6°C; bolts in hot weather.

Radish across Canada, town by town

PotatoOutdoors Apr 16 to Jun 11; Under cover Mar 19 to Jul 9

Plant outdoors: Apr 16 to Jun 11
Under cover: Mar 19 to Jul 9
First harvest: About 65 days after planting. Planted on April 16, ready around June 20.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 6°C.

Potato across Canada, town by town

TurnipOutdoors Apr 16 to Aug 23; Under cover Mar 19 to Sep 20

Sow outdoors: Apr 16 to Aug 23
Under cover: Mar 19 to Sep 20
First harvest: About 38 days after sowing. Sown on April 16, ready around May 24.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 6°C.

Turnip across Canada, town by town

Leaves

LettuceOutdoors Apr 17 to Jun 17, and Jul 6 to Aug 18; Under cover Mar 20 to Sep 15

Sow outdoors: Apr 17 to Jun 17, and Jul 6 to Aug 18
Under cover: Mar 20 to Sep 15
First harvest: About 46 days after sowing. Sown on April 17, ready around June 2.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 6°C; bolts in hot weather.

Lettuce across Canada, town by town

SpinachOutdoors Apr 16 to Jun 17, and Jul 6 to Sep 14; Under cover Mar 19 to Oct 12

Sow outdoors: Apr 16 to Jun 17, and Jul 6 to Sep 14
Under cover: Mar 19 to Oct 12
First harvest: About 29 days after sowing. Sown on April 16, ready around May 15.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 6°C; bolts in hot weather.

Spinach across Canada, town by town

Swiss chardOutdoors Apr 20 to Aug 23; Under cover Mar 23 to Sep 20

Sow outdoors: Apr 20 to Aug 23
Under cover: Mar 23 to Sep 20
First harvest: About 42 days after sowing. Sown on April 20, ready around June 1.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 7°C.

Swiss chard across Canada, town by town

ArugulaOutdoors Apr 16 to Jun 17, and Jul 6 to Sep 15; Under cover Mar 19 to Oct 13

Sow outdoors: Apr 16 to Jun 17, and Jul 6 to Sep 15
Under cover: Mar 19 to Oct 13
First harvest: About 26 days after sowing. Sown on April 16, ready around May 12.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 6°C; bolts in hot weather.

Arugula across Canada, town by town

CeleryOutdoors Apr 13 to Jun 12; Under cover Mar 16 to Jul 10

Sow outdoors: Apr 13 to Jun 12
Under cover: Mar 16 to Jul 10
First harvest: About 81 days after sowing. Sown on April 13, ready around July 3.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 5°C.

Celery across Canada, town by town

Beans and peas

Runner beanOutdoors May 25 to Jul 10; Under cover Apr 27 to Aug 7

Sow outdoors: May 25 to Jul 10
Under cover: Apr 27 to Aug 7
First harvest: About 56 days after sowing. Sown on May 25, ready around July 20.
Warmth: Tender: needs days averaging 11°C or more, and no frost.

Runner bean across Canada, town by town

Green beanOutdoors May 25 to Aug 10; Under cover Apr 27 to Sep 7

Sow outdoors: May 25 to Aug 10
Under cover: Apr 27 to Sep 7
First harvest: About 49 days after sowing. Sown on May 25, ready around July 13.
Warmth: Tender: needs days averaging 11°C or more, and no frost.

Green bean across Canada, town by town

Fava beanOutdoors Apr 10 to Apr 24; Under cover Mar 13 to Mar 27, and Apr 10 to Apr 24, and May 8 to May 22

Sow outdoors: Apr 10 to Apr 24
Under cover: Mar 13 to Mar 27, and Apr 10 to Apr 24, and May 8 to May 22
First harvest: About 220 days after sowing. Sown on April 10, ready around November 16.
Warmth: Hardy: goes in as the weather cools, and grows on through winter.

Fava bean across Canada, town by town

PeaOutdoors Apr 16 to Aug 1; Under cover Mar 19 to Aug 29

Sow outdoors: Apr 16 to Aug 1
Under cover: Mar 19 to Aug 29
First harvest: About 51 days after sowing. Sown on April 16, ready around June 6.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 6°C; bolts in hot weather.

Pea across Canada, town by town

Onion family

OnionOutdoors Apr 14 to Jun 4; Under cover Mar 17 to Jul 2

Plant outdoors: Apr 14 to Jun 4
Under cover: Mar 17 to Jul 2
First harvest: About 90 days after planting. Planted on April 14, ready around July 13.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 6°C.

Onion across Canada, town by town

GarlicOutdoors Oct 9 to Nov 6; Under cover Sep 11 to Dec 4

Plant outdoors: Oct 9 to Nov 6
Under cover: Sep 11 to Dec 4
First harvest: About 250 days after planting. Planted on October 9, ready around June 16.
Warmth: Hardy: goes in as the weather cools, and grows on through winter.

Garlic across Canada, town by town

LeekOutdoors Apr 16 to Aug 1; Under cover Mar 19 to Aug 29

Sow outdoors: Apr 16 to Aug 1
Under cover: Mar 19 to Aug 29
First harvest: About 101 days after sowing. Sown on April 16, ready around July 26.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 6°C.

Leek across Canada, town by town

ScallionOutdoors Apr 13 to Sep 1; Under cover Mar 16 to Sep 29

Sow outdoors: Apr 13 to Sep 1
Under cover: Mar 16 to Sep 29
First harvest: About 42 days after sowing. Sown on April 13, ready around May 25.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 5°C.

Scallion across Canada, town by town

ShallotOutdoors Apr 10 to Jun 23; Under cover Mar 13 to Jul 21

Plant outdoors: Apr 10 to Jun 23
Under cover: Mar 13 to Jul 21
First harvest: About 78 days after planting. Planted on April 10, ready around June 27.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 5°C.

Shallot across Canada, town by town

Brassicas

CabbageOutdoors Apr 16 to Aug 16; Under cover Mar 19 to Sep 13

Sow outdoors: Apr 16 to Aug 16
Under cover: Mar 19 to Sep 13
First harvest: About 72 days after sowing. Sown on April 16, ready around June 27.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 6°C.

Cabbage across Canada, town by town

BroccoliOutdoors Apr 20 to Jul 27; Under cover Mar 23 to Aug 24

Sow outdoors: Apr 20 to Jul 27
Under cover: Mar 23 to Aug 24
First harvest: About 63 days after sowing. Sown on April 20, ready around June 22.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 7°C.

Broccoli across Canada, town by town

CauliflowerOutdoors Apr 16 to Jul 17; Under cover Mar 19 to Aug 14

Sow outdoors: Apr 16 to Jul 17
Under cover: Mar 19 to Aug 14
First harvest: About 79 days after sowing. Sown on April 16, ready around July 4.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 6°C; bolts in hot weather.

Cauliflower across Canada, town by town

Brussels sproutOutdoors Apr 16 to Jun 16; Under cover Mar 19 to Jul 14

Sow outdoors: Apr 16 to Jun 16
Under cover: Mar 19 to Jul 14
First harvest: About 120 days after sowing. Sown on April 16, ready around August 14.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 6°C.

Brussels sprout across Canada, town by town

KaleOutdoors Apr 20 to Aug 4; Under cover Mar 23 to Sep 1

Sow outdoors: Apr 20 to Aug 4
Under cover: Mar 23 to Sep 1
First harvest: About 56 days after sowing. Sown on April 20, ready around June 15.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 7°C.

Kale across Canada, town by town

Bok choyOutdoors Apr 25 to Jun 17, and Jul 6 to Sep 5; Under cover Mar 28 to Oct 3

Sow outdoors: Apr 25 to Jun 17, and Jul 6 to Sep 5
Under cover: Mar 28 to Oct 3
First harvest: About 35 days after sowing. Sown on April 25, ready around May 30.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 8°C; bolts in hot weather.

Bok choy across Canada, town by town

Herbs

BasilOutdoors Apr 26 to Aug 14; Under cover Mar 29 to Sep 11

Sow outdoors: Apr 26 to Aug 14
Under cover: Mar 29 to Sep 11
First harvest: About 37 days after sowing. Sown on April 26, ready around June 2.
Warmth: Tender: needs days averaging 8°C or more, and no frost.

Basil across Canada, town by town

ParsleyOutdoors Apr 16 to Aug 21; Under cover Mar 19 to Sep 18

Sow outdoors: Apr 16 to Aug 21
Under cover: Mar 19 to Sep 18
First harvest: About 48 days after sowing. Sown on April 16, ready around June 3.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 6°C.

Parsley across Canada, town by town

CilantroOutdoors Apr 20 to Jun 17, and Jul 6 to Sep 4; Under cover Mar 23 to Oct 2

Sow outdoors: Apr 20 to Jun 17, and Jul 6 to Sep 4
Under cover: Mar 23 to Oct 2
First harvest: About 35 days after sowing. Sown on April 20, ready around May 25.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 7°C; bolts in hot weather.

Cilantro across Canada, town by town

ChivesOutdoors Apr 16 to Jul 2, and Jul 25 to Aug 4; Under cover Mar 19 to Aug 4, and Aug 22 to Sep 1

Sow outdoors: Apr 16 to Jul 2, and Jul 25 to Aug 4
Under cover: Mar 19 to Aug 4, and Aug 22 to Sep 1
First harvest: Crops every year once it’s established.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 6°C.

Chives across Canada, town by town

MintOutdoors Apr 20 to Sep 24; Under cover Mar 23 to Oct 22

Sow outdoors: Apr 20 to Sep 24
Under cover: Mar 23 to Oct 22
First harvest: Crops every year once it’s established.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 7°C.

Mint across Canada, town by town

Fruit

StrawberryOutdoors Apr 16 to Jun 16, and Jul 25 to Aug 1; Under cover Mar 19 to Jul 14, and Jul 25 to Aug 1, and Aug 22 to Aug 29

Plant outdoors: Apr 16 to Jun 16, and Jul 25 to Aug 1
Under cover: Mar 19 to Jul 14, and Jul 25 to Aug 1, and Aug 22 to Aug 29
First harvest: Crops every year once it’s established.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 6°C.

Strawberry across Canada, town by town

RaspberryOutdoors Oct 25 to Nov 12; Under cover Sep 27 to Oct 15, and Oct 25 to Nov 12, and Nov 22 to Dec 10

Plant outdoors: Oct 25 to Nov 12
Under cover: Sep 27 to Oct 15, and Oct 25 to Nov 12, and Nov 22 to Dec 10
First harvest: Crops every year once it’s established.
Warmth: Hardy: goes in as the weather cools, and grows on through winter.

Raspberry across Canada, town by town

RhubarbOutdoors Oct 16 to Nov 10; Under cover Sep 18 to Dec 8

Plant outdoors: Oct 16 to Nov 10
Under cover: Sep 18 to Dec 8
First harvest: Crops every year once it’s established.
Warmth: Hardy: goes in as the weather cools, and grows on through winter.

Rhubarb across Canada, town by town

Nearby

Questions about growing in Vaughan

When is the last frost in Vaughan?

On average around April 26, and the first autumn frost comes around October 24. In a cold spring a frost can come a week or two late, so tender plants are safest out a week after the date.

Can I grow tomatoes outdoors in Vaughan?

Yes. Plant them outdoors May 31 to Jun 25, or under cover May 3 to Jul 23.

What can I sow in Vaughan in November?

Outdoors: raspberry, rhubarb. Under cover: garlic.

How accurate are these dates?

They’re worked out from 30 years of climate data for this spot, adjusted for its height, so they’re a good guide for a typical year. Check the forecast before planting out anything tender.

Get these dates as reminders

Bia turns this calendar into a nudge when it’s time to sow, plant out and harvest, for your backyard or community garden plot in Vaughan. Free for 2 months.

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How these dates are worked out: climate records for this spot (ERA5-Land, 1995 to 2024), the local frost dates and the height above sea level turn a seed-packet date into a local one. Contains modified Copernicus Climate Change Service information; towns from GeoNames (CC BY 4.0). How sowing dates work