Ontario, Canada

Planting calendar for Welland

Last frost around April 13, first frost around November 17: about 218 frost-free days.

Last frost: April 13
First frost: November 17
Frost-free days: 218

Sow now: November

See the whole year

Outdoors

Garlic
Raspberry
Rhubarb

Under cover

Nothing this month.

The year at a glance

When each crop can be sown in Welland. Tap a crop for exact dates and when it’s ready to harvest.

Sow outdoorsSow under cover (indoors, a greenhouse or a cold frame)

When to sow each crop in Welland, month by month. Each month says whether you can sow outdoors, under cover, or both.
Crop	JJan	FFeb	MMar	AApr	MMay	JJun	JJul	AAug	SSep	OOct	NNov	DDec
Fruiting
Tomato	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Not this month	April: Sow under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow outdoors and under cover	July: Sow under cover	August: Not this month	September: Not this month	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Chile pepper	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Not this month	April: Sow under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow outdoors and under cover	July: Sow under cover	August: Not this month	September: Not this month	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Bell pepper	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Not this month	April: Sow under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow outdoors and under cover	July: Sow under cover	August: Not this month	September: Not this month	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Eggplant	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Not this month	April: Sow under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow outdoors and under cover	July: Sow under cover	August: Not this month	September: Not this month	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Zucchini	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Not this month	April: Sow under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow outdoors and under cover	July: Sow under cover	August: Sow outdoors and under cover	September: Sow under cover	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Cucumber	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Not this month	April: Sow under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow outdoors and under cover	July: Sow under cover	August: Sow outdoors and under cover	September: Sow under cover	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Winter squash	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Not this month	April: Sow under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow outdoors and under cover	July: Sow under cover	August: Sow under cover	September: Not this month	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Sweet corn	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Not this month	April: Sow under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow outdoors and under cover	July: Sow under cover	August: Sow under cover	September: Not this month	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Roots
Carrot	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Sow under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow outdoors and under cover	July: Sow outdoors and under cover	August: Sow under cover	September: Not this month	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Beet	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Sow under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow outdoors and under cover	July: Sow outdoors and under cover	August: Sow outdoors and under cover	September: Sow under cover	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Parsnip	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Sow under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow outdoors and under cover	July: Sow under cover	August: Not this month	September: Not this month	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Radish	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Sow under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow outdoors and under cover	July: Sow outdoors and under cover	August: Sow outdoors and under cover	September: Sow outdoors and under cover	October: Sow under cover	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Potato	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Plant under cover	April: Plant outdoors and under cover	May: Plant outdoors and under cover	June: Plant outdoors and under cover	July: Plant under cover	August: Plant under cover	September: Not this month	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Turnip	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Sow under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow outdoors and under cover	July: Sow outdoors and under cover	August: Sow outdoors and under cover	September: Sow under cover	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Leaves
Lettuce	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Sow under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow under cover	July: Sow under cover	August: Sow outdoors and under cover	September: Sow under cover	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Spinach	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Sow under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow under cover	July: Sow under cover	August: Sow outdoors and under cover	September: Sow outdoors and under cover	October: Sow under cover	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Swiss chard	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Sow under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow outdoors and under cover	July: Sow outdoors and under cover	August: Sow outdoors and under cover	September: Sow under cover	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Arugula	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Sow under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow under cover	July: Sow under cover	August: Sow outdoors and under cover	September: Sow outdoors and under cover	October: Sow under cover	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Celery	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Sow under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow outdoors and under cover	July: Sow under cover	August: Not this month	September: Not this month	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Beans and peas
Runner bean	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Not this month	April: Sow under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow outdoors and under cover	July: Sow under cover	August: Sow outdoors and under cover	September: Not this month	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Green bean	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Not this month	April: Sow under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow outdoors and under cover	July: Sow outdoors and under cover	August: Sow outdoors and under cover	September: Sow under cover	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Fava bean	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Sow under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow under cover	June: Not this month	July: Not this month	August: Not this month	September: Not this month	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Pea	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Sow under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow outdoors and under cover	July: Sow outdoors and under cover	August: Sow outdoors and under cover	September: Sow under cover	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Onion family
Onion	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Plant under cover	April: Plant outdoors and under cover	May: Plant outdoors and under cover	June: Plant under cover	July: Not this month	August: Not this month	September: Not this month	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Garlic	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Not this month	April: Not this month	May: Not this month	June: Not this month	July: Not this month	August: Not this month	September: Plant under cover	October: Plant outdoors and under cover	November: Plant outdoors and under cover	December: Plant under cover
Leek	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Sow under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow outdoors and under cover	July: Sow outdoors and under cover	August: Sow under cover	September: Not this month	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Scallion	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Sow under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow outdoors and under cover	July: Sow outdoors and under cover	August: Sow outdoors and under cover	September: Sow outdoors and under cover	October: Sow under cover	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Shallot	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Plant under cover	April: Plant outdoors and under cover	May: Plant outdoors and under cover	June: Plant outdoors and under cover	July: Plant under cover	August: Not this month	September: Not this month	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Brassicas
Cabbage	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Sow under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow outdoors and under cover	July: Sow outdoors and under cover	August: Sow outdoors and under cover	September: Sow under cover	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Broccoli	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Sow under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow outdoors and under cover	July: Sow outdoors and under cover	August: Sow under cover	September: Not this month	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Cauliflower	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Sow under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow outdoors and under cover	July: Sow under cover	August: Not this month	September: Not this month	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Brussels sprout	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Sow under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow outdoors and under cover	July: Sow under cover	August: Not this month	September: Not this month	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Kale	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Sow under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow outdoors and under cover	July: Sow outdoors and under cover	August: Sow outdoors and under cover	September: Sow under cover	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Bok choy	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Not this month	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow under cover	July: Sow under cover	August: Sow outdoors and under cover	September: Sow outdoors and under cover	October: Sow under cover	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Herbs
Basil	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Not this month	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow outdoors and under cover	July: Sow outdoors and under cover	August: Sow outdoors and under cover	September: Sow under cover	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Parsley	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Sow under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow outdoors and under cover	July: Sow outdoors and under cover	August: Sow outdoors and under cover	September: Sow under cover	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Cilantro	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Sow under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow under cover	July: Sow under cover	August: Sow outdoors and under cover	September: Sow outdoors and under cover	October: Sow under cover	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Chives	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Sow under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow outdoors and under cover	July: Sow under cover	August: Sow outdoors and under cover	September: Sow under cover	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Mint	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Sow under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow outdoors and under cover	July: Sow outdoors and under cover	August: Sow outdoors and under cover	September: Sow outdoors and under cover	October: Sow under cover	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Fruit
Strawberry	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Plant under cover	April: Plant outdoors and under cover	May: Plant outdoors and under cover	June: Plant outdoors and under cover	July: Plant under cover	August: Plant outdoors and under cover	September: Plant under cover	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Raspberry	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Not this month	April: Not this month	May: Not this month	June: Not this month	July: Not this month	August: Not this month	September: Not this month	October: Plant under cover	November: Plant outdoors and under cover	December: Plant under cover
Rhubarb	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Not this month	April: Not this month	May: Not this month	June: Not this month	July: Not this month	August: Not this month	September: Not this month	October: Plant outdoors and under cover	November: Plant outdoors and under cover	December: Plant under cover

Fruit rows show when to plant, not sow.

Crop by crop

Fruiting

TomatoOutdoors May 18 to Jun 12; Under cover Apr 20 to Jul 10

Sow outdoors: May 18 to Jun 12
Under cover: Apr 20 to Jul 10
First harvest: About 66 days after sowing. Sown on May 18, ready around July 23.
Warmth: Tender: needs days averaging 12°C or more, and no frost.

Tomato across Canada, town by town

Chile pepperOutdoors May 17 to Jun 12; Under cover Apr 19 to Jul 10

Sow outdoors: May 17 to Jun 12
Under cover: Apr 19 to Jul 10
First harvest: About 84 days after sowing. Sown on May 17, ready around August 9.
Warmth: Tender: needs days averaging 12°C or more, and no frost.

Chile pepper across Canada, town by town

Bell pepperOutdoors May 22 to Jun 17; Under cover Apr 24 to Jul 15

Sow outdoors: May 22 to Jun 17
Under cover: Apr 24 to Jul 15
First harvest: About 78 days after sowing. Sown on May 22, ready around August 8.
Warmth: Tender: needs days averaging 12°C or more, and no frost.

Bell pepper across Canada, town by town

EggplantOutdoors May 22 to Jun 12; Under cover Apr 24 to Jul 10

Sow outdoors: May 22 to Jun 12
Under cover: Apr 24 to Jul 10
First harvest: About 90 days after sowing. Sown on May 22, ready around August 20.
Warmth: Tender: needs days averaging 12°C or more, and no frost.

Eggplant across Canada, town by town

ZucchiniOutdoors May 17 to Jun 27, and Jul 27 to Aug 21; Under cover Apr 19 to Sep 18

Sow outdoors: May 17 to Jun 27, and Jul 27 to Aug 21
Under cover: Apr 19 to Sep 18
First harvest: About 44 days after sowing. Sown on May 17, ready around June 30.
Warmth: Tender: needs days averaging 12°C or more, and no frost.

Zucchini across Canada, town by town

CucumberOutdoors May 17 to Jun 27, and Jul 27 to Aug 16; Under cover Apr 19 to Sep 13

Sow outdoors: May 17 to Jun 27, and Jul 27 to Aug 16
Under cover: Apr 19 to Sep 13
First harvest: About 50 days after sowing. Sown on May 17, ready around July 6.
Warmth: Tender: needs days averaging 12°C or more, and no frost.

Cucumber across Canada, town by town

Winter squashOutdoors May 17 to Jun 17, and Jul 27 to Aug 2; Under cover Apr 19 to Jul 15, and Jul 27 to Aug 2, and Aug 24 to Aug 30

Sow outdoors: May 17 to Jun 17, and Jul 27 to Aug 2
Under cover: Apr 19 to Jul 15, and Jul 27 to Aug 2, and Aug 24 to Aug 30
First harvest: About 66 days after sowing. Sown on May 17, ready around July 22.
Warmth: Tender: needs days averaging 12°C or more, and no frost.

Winter squash across Canada, town by town

Sweet cornOutdoors May 12 to Jun 17, and Jul 27 to Aug 4; Under cover Apr 14 to Jul 15, and Jul 27 to Aug 4, and Aug 24 to Sep 1

Sow outdoors: May 12 to Jun 17, and Jul 27 to Aug 4
Under cover: Apr 14 to Jul 15, and Jul 27 to Aug 4, and Aug 24 to Sep 1
First harvest: About 65 days after sowing. Sown on May 12, ready around July 16.
Warmth: Tender: needs days averaging 11°C or more, and no frost.

Sweet corn across Canada, town by town

Roots

CarrotOutdoors Apr 18 to Aug 4; Under cover Mar 21 to Sep 1

Sow outdoors: Apr 18 to Aug 4
Under cover: Mar 21 to Sep 1
First harvest: About 70 days after sowing. Sown on April 18, ready around June 27.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 7°C.

Carrot across Canada, town by town

BeetOutdoors Apr 18 to Aug 19; Under cover Mar 21 to Sep 16

Sow outdoors: Apr 18 to Aug 19
Under cover: Mar 21 to Sep 16
First harvest: About 49 days after sowing. Sown on April 18, ready around June 6.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 7°C.

Beet across Canada, town by town

ParsnipOutdoors Apr 13 to Jun 29; Under cover Mar 16 to Jul 27

Sow outdoors: Apr 13 to Jun 29
Under cover: Mar 16 to Jul 27
First harvest: About 86 days after sowing. Sown on April 13, ready around July 8.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 6°C.

Parsnip across Canada, town by town

RadishOutdoors Apr 13 to Jun 18, and Jul 11 to Sep 27; Under cover Mar 16 to Oct 25

Sow outdoors: Apr 13 to Jun 18, and Jul 11 to Sep 27
Under cover: Mar 16 to Oct 25
First harvest: About 19 days after sowing. Sown on April 13, ready around May 2.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 6°C; bolts in hot weather.

Radish across Canada, town by town

PotatoOutdoors Apr 13 to Jun 8, and Jul 27 to Aug 4; Under cover Mar 16 to Jul 7, and Jul 27 to Aug 4, and Aug 24 to Sep 1

Plant outdoors: Apr 13 to Jun 8, and Jul 27 to Aug 4
Under cover: Mar 16 to Jul 7, and Jul 27 to Aug 4, and Aug 24 to Sep 1
First harvest: About 65 days after planting. Planted on April 13, ready around June 17.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 6°C.

Potato across Canada, town by town

TurnipOutdoors Apr 13 to Aug 31; Under cover Mar 16 to Sep 28

Sow outdoors: Apr 13 to Aug 31
Under cover: Mar 16 to Sep 28
First harvest: About 38 days after sowing. Sown on April 13, ready around May 21.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 6°C.

Turnip across Canada, town by town

Leaves

LettuceOutdoors Apr 15 to Jun 3, and Jul 26 to Aug 26; Under cover Mar 18 to Sep 23

Sow outdoors: Apr 15 to Jun 3, and Jul 26 to Aug 26
Under cover: Mar 18 to Sep 23
First harvest: About 47 days after sowing. Sown on April 15, ready around June 1.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 6°C; bolts in hot weather.

Lettuce across Canada, town by town

SpinachOutdoors Apr 13 to Jun 3, and Jul 26 to Sep 22; Under cover Mar 16 to Oct 20

Sow outdoors: Apr 13 to Jun 3, and Jul 26 to Sep 22
Under cover: Mar 16 to Oct 20
First harvest: About 29 days after sowing. Sown on April 13, ready around May 12.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 6°C; bolts in hot weather.

Spinach across Canada, town by town

Swiss chardOutdoors Apr 18 to Aug 31; Under cover Mar 21 to Sep 28

Sow outdoors: Apr 18 to Aug 31
Under cover: Mar 21 to Sep 28
First harvest: About 42 days after sowing. Sown on April 18, ready around May 30.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 7°C.

Swiss chard across Canada, town by town

ArugulaOutdoors Apr 13 to Jun 3, and Jul 26 to Sep 23; Under cover Mar 16 to Oct 21

Sow outdoors: Apr 13 to Jun 3, and Jul 26 to Sep 23
Under cover: Mar 16 to Oct 21
First harvest: About 26 days after sowing. Sown on April 13, ready around May 9.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 6°C; bolts in hot weather.

Arugula across Canada, town by town

CeleryOutdoors Apr 10 to Jun 9; Under cover Mar 13 to Jul 7

Sow outdoors: Apr 10 to Jun 9
Under cover: Mar 13 to Jul 7
First harvest: About 81 days after sowing. Sown on April 10, ready around June 30.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 5°C.

Celery across Canada, town by town

Beans and peas

Runner beanOutdoors May 12 to Jun 27, and Jul 27 to Aug 9; Under cover Apr 14 to Aug 9, and Aug 24 to Sep 6

Sow outdoors: May 12 to Jun 27, and Jul 27 to Aug 9
Under cover: Apr 14 to Aug 9, and Aug 24 to Sep 6
First harvest: About 61 days after sowing. Sown on May 12, ready around July 12.
Warmth: Tender: needs days averaging 11°C or more, and no frost.

Runner bean across Canada, town by town

Green beanOutdoors May 12 to Jul 12, and Jul 27 to Aug 19; Under cover Apr 14 to Sep 16

Sow outdoors: May 12 to Jul 12, and Jul 27 to Aug 19
Under cover: Apr 14 to Sep 16
First harvest: About 50 days after sowing. Sown on May 12, ready around July 1.
Warmth: Tender: needs days averaging 11°C or more, and no frost.

Green bean across Canada, town by town

Fava beanOutdoors Apr 7 to Apr 23; Under cover Mar 10 to Mar 26, and Apr 7 to Apr 23, and May 5 to May 21

Sow outdoors: Apr 7 to Apr 23
Under cover: Mar 10 to Mar 26, and Apr 7 to Apr 23, and May 5 to May 21
First harvest: About 220 days after sowing. Sown on April 7, ready around November 13.
Warmth: Hardy: goes in as the weather cools, and grows on through winter.

Fava bean across Canada, town by town

PeaOutdoors Apr 13 to Jun 18, and Jul 11 to Aug 10; Under cover Mar 16 to Sep 7

Sow outdoors: Apr 13 to Jun 18, and Jul 11 to Aug 10
Under cover: Mar 16 to Sep 7
First harvest: About 51 days after sowing. Sown on April 13, ready around June 3.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 6°C; bolts in hot weather.

Pea across Canada, town by town

Onion family

OnionOutdoors Apr 12 to Jun 2; Under cover Mar 15 to Jun 30

Plant outdoors: Apr 12 to Jun 2
Under cover: Mar 15 to Jun 30
First harvest: About 91 days after planting. Planted on April 12, ready around July 12.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 6°C.

Onion across Canada, town by town

GarlicOutdoors Oct 16 to Nov 15; Under cover Sep 18 to Dec 13

Plant outdoors: Oct 16 to Nov 15
Under cover: Sep 18 to Dec 13
First harvest: About 250 days after planting. Planted on October 16, ready around June 23.
Warmth: Hardy: goes in as the weather cools, and grows on through winter.

Garlic across Canada, town by town

LeekOutdoors Apr 13 to Jul 29; Under cover Mar 16 to Aug 26

Sow outdoors: Apr 13 to Jul 29
Under cover: Mar 16 to Aug 26
First harvest: About 99 days after sowing. Sown on April 13, ready around July 21.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 6°C.

Leek across Canada, town by town

ScallionOutdoors Apr 10 to Sep 10; Under cover Mar 13 to Oct 8

Sow outdoors: Apr 10 to Sep 10
Under cover: Mar 13 to Oct 8
First harvest: About 42 days after sowing. Sown on April 10, ready around May 22.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 5°C.

Scallion across Canada, town by town

ShallotOutdoors Apr 7 to Jun 20; Under cover Mar 10 to Jul 18

Plant outdoors: Apr 7 to Jun 20
Under cover: Mar 10 to Jul 18
First harvest: About 78 days after planting. Planted on April 7, ready around June 24.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 5°C.

Shallot across Canada, town by town

Brassicas

CabbageOutdoors Apr 13 to Aug 13; Under cover Mar 16 to Sep 10

Sow outdoors: Apr 13 to Aug 13
Under cover: Mar 16 to Sep 10
First harvest: About 72 days after sowing. Sown on April 13, ready around June 24.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 6°C.

Cabbage across Canada, town by town

BroccoliOutdoors Apr 18 to Aug 5; Under cover Mar 21 to Sep 2

Sow outdoors: Apr 18 to Aug 5
Under cover: Mar 21 to Sep 2
First harvest: About 63 days after sowing. Sown on April 18, ready around June 20.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 7°C.

Broccoli across Canada, town by town

CauliflowerOutdoors Apr 13 to Jun 18; Under cover Mar 16 to Jul 16

Sow outdoors: Apr 13 to Jun 18
Under cover: Mar 16 to Jul 16
First harvest: About 79 days after sowing. Sown on April 13, ready around July 1.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 6°C; bolts in hot weather.

Cauliflower across Canada, town by town

Brussels sproutOutdoors Apr 13 to Jun 13; Under cover Mar 16 to Jul 11

Sow outdoors: Apr 13 to Jun 13
Under cover: Mar 16 to Jul 11
First harvest: About 117 days after sowing. Sown on April 13, ready around August 8.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 6°C.

Brussels sprout across Canada, town by town

KaleOutdoors Apr 18 to Aug 14; Under cover Mar 21 to Sep 11

Sow outdoors: Apr 18 to Aug 14
Under cover: Mar 21 to Sep 11
First harvest: About 56 days after sowing. Sown on April 18, ready around June 13.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 7°C.

Kale across Canada, town by town

Bok choyOutdoors Apr 23 to Jun 3, and Jul 26 to Sep 13; Under cover Mar 26 to Oct 11

Sow outdoors: Apr 23 to Jun 3, and Jul 26 to Sep 13
Under cover: Mar 26 to Oct 11
First harvest: About 35 days after sowing. Sown on April 23, ready around May 28.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 8°C; bolts in hot weather.

Bok choy across Canada, town by town

Herbs

BasilOutdoors Apr 23 to Aug 23; Under cover Mar 26 to Sep 20

Sow outdoors: Apr 23 to Aug 23
Under cover: Mar 26 to Sep 20
First harvest: About 36 days after sowing. Sown on April 23, ready around May 29.
Warmth: Tender: needs days averaging 8°C or more, and no frost.

Basil across Canada, town by town

ParsleyOutdoors Apr 13 to Aug 29; Under cover Mar 16 to Sep 26

Sow outdoors: Apr 13 to Aug 29
Under cover: Mar 16 to Sep 26
First harvest: About 48 days after sowing. Sown on April 13, ready around May 31.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 6°C.

Parsley across Canada, town by town

CilantroOutdoors Apr 18 to Jun 3, and Jul 26 to Sep 12; Under cover Mar 21 to Oct 10

Sow outdoors: Apr 18 to Jun 3, and Jul 26 to Sep 12
Under cover: Mar 21 to Oct 10
First harvest: About 36 days after sowing. Sown on April 18, ready around May 24.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 7°C; bolts in hot weather.

Cilantro across Canada, town by town

ChivesOutdoors Apr 13 to Jun 29, and Jul 27 to Aug 13; Under cover Mar 16 to Aug 13, and Aug 24 to Sep 10

Sow outdoors: Apr 13 to Jun 29, and Jul 27 to Aug 13
Under cover: Mar 16 to Aug 13, and Aug 24 to Sep 10
First harvest: Crops every year once it’s established.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 6°C.

Chives across Canada, town by town

MintOutdoors Apr 18 to Oct 2; Under cover Mar 21 to Oct 30

Sow outdoors: Apr 18 to Oct 2
Under cover: Mar 21 to Oct 30
First harvest: Crops every year once it’s established.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 7°C.

Mint across Canada, town by town

Fruit

StrawberryOutdoors Apr 13 to Jun 13, and Jul 27 to Aug 10; Under cover Mar 16 to Jul 13, and Jul 27 to Aug 10, and Aug 24 to Sep 7

Plant outdoors: Apr 13 to Jun 13, and Jul 27 to Aug 10
Under cover: Mar 16 to Jul 13, and Jul 27 to Aug 10, and Aug 24 to Sep 7
First harvest: Crops every year once it’s established.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 6°C.

Strawberry across Canada, town by town

RaspberryOutdoors Nov 2 to Nov 23; Under cover Oct 5 to Dec 21

Plant outdoors: Nov 2 to Nov 23
Under cover: Oct 5 to Dec 21
First harvest: Crops every year once it’s established.
Warmth: Hardy: goes in as the weather cools, and grows on through winter.

Raspberry across Canada, town by town

RhubarbOutdoors Oct 24 to Nov 20; Under cover Sep 26 to Dec 18

Plant outdoors: Oct 24 to Nov 20
Under cover: Sep 26 to Dec 18
First harvest: Crops every year once it’s established.
Warmth: Hardy: goes in as the weather cools, and grows on through winter.

Rhubarb across Canada, town by town

Nearby

Questions about growing in Welland

When is the last frost in Welland?

On average around April 13, and the first autumn frost comes around November 17. In a cold spring a frost can come a week or two late, so tender plants are safest out a week after the date.

Can I grow tomatoes outdoors in Welland?

Yes. Plant them outdoors May 18 to Jun 12, or under cover Apr 20 to Jul 10.

What can I sow in Welland in November?

Outdoors: garlic, raspberry, rhubarb.

How accurate are these dates?

They’re worked out from 30 years of climate data for this spot, adjusted for its height, so they’re a good guide for a typical year. Check the forecast before planting out anything tender.

Get these dates as reminders

Bia turns this calendar into a nudge when it’s time to sow, plant out and harvest, for your backyard or community garden plot in Welland. Free for 2 months.

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How these dates are worked out: climate records for this spot (ERA5-Land, 1995 to 2024), the local frost dates and the height above sea level turn a seed-packet date into a local one. Contains modified Copernicus Climate Change Service information; towns from GeoNames (CC BY 4.0). How sowing dates work