Texas, US

Planting calendar for Midland

Last frost around March 1, first frost around November 25: about 269 frost-free days.

Last frost: March 1
First frost: November 25
Frost-free days: 269

Sow now: November

See the whole year

Outdoors

Parsnip
Celery
Fava bean
Onion
Garlic
Leek
Shallot
Cabbage
Cauliflower
Brussels sprout
Mint
Rhubarb

The year at a glance

When each crop can be sown in Midland. Tap a crop for exact dates and when it’s ready to harvest.

Sow outdoorsSow under cover (indoors, a greenhouse or a cold frame)

When to sow each crop in Midland, month by month. Each month says whether you can sow outdoors, under cover, or both.
Crop	JJan	FFeb	MMar	AApr	MMay	JJun	JJul	AAug	SSep	OOct	NNov	DDec
Fruiting
Tomato	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Sow under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow under cover	June: Not this month	July: Sow outdoors and under cover	August: Sow outdoors and under cover	September: Sow outdoors and under cover	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Chile pepper	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Sow under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow under cover	June: Not this month	July: Sow outdoors and under cover	August: Sow outdoors and under cover	September: Sow under cover	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Bell pepper	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Sow under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow under cover	June: Not this month	July: Sow outdoors and under cover	August: Sow outdoors and under cover	September: Sow outdoors and under cover	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Eggplant	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Sow under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow under cover	June: Not this month	July: Sow outdoors and under cover	August: Sow outdoors and under cover	September: Sow under cover	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Zucchini	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Sow under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow under cover	July: Sow outdoors and under cover	August: Sow outdoors and under cover	September: Sow outdoors and under cover	October: Sow under cover	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Cucumber	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Sow under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow under cover	July: Sow outdoors and under cover	August: Sow outdoors and under cover	September: Sow outdoors and under cover	October: Sow under cover	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Winter squash	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Sow under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow under cover	June: Not this month	July: Sow outdoors and under cover	August: Sow outdoors and under cover	September: Sow outdoors and under cover	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Sweet corn	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Sow under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow under cover	June: Not this month	July: Sow outdoors and under cover	August: Sow outdoors and under cover	September: Sow outdoors and under cover	October: Sow under cover	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Roots
Carrot	January: Sow under cover	February: Sow outdoors and under cover	March: Sow outdoors and under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow under cover	July: Sow under cover	August: Sow outdoors and under cover	September: Sow outdoors and under cover	October: Sow under cover	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Beet	January: Sow under cover	February: Sow outdoors and under cover	March: Sow outdoors and under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow under cover	July: Sow under cover	August: Sow outdoors and under cover	September: Sow outdoors and under cover	October: Sow under cover	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Parsnip	January: Sow outdoors and under cover	February: Sow outdoors and under cover	March: Sow outdoors and under cover	April: Sow under cover	May: Not this month	June: Not this month	July: Sow under cover	August: Sow outdoors and under cover	September: Sow outdoors and under cover	October: Sow under cover	November: Sow outdoors and under cover	December: Sow outdoors and under cover
Radish	January: Sow outdoors and under cover	February: Sow outdoors and under cover	March: Sow outdoors and under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Not this month	June: Not this month	July: Not this month	August: Sow under cover	September: Sow outdoors and under cover	October: Sow outdoors and under cover	November: Sow under cover	December: Sow under cover
Potato	January: Plant outdoors and under cover	February: Plant outdoors and under cover	March: Plant outdoors and under cover	April: Plant under cover	May: Not this month	June: Not this month	July: Plant under cover	August: Plant outdoors and under cover	September: Plant outdoors and under cover	October: Plant under cover	November: Plant under cover	December: Plant outdoors and under cover
Turnip	January: Sow outdoors and under cover	February: Sow outdoors and under cover	March: Sow outdoors and under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow under cover	June: Not this month	July: Not this month	August: Sow under cover	September: Sow outdoors and under cover	October: Sow outdoors and under cover	November: Not this month	December: Sow under cover
Leaves
Lettuce	January: Sow outdoors and under cover	February: Sow outdoors and under cover	March: Sow outdoors and under cover	April: Sow under cover	May: Not this month	June: Not this month	July: Not this month	August: Sow under cover	September: Sow outdoors and under cover	October: Sow under cover	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Spinach	January: Sow outdoors and under cover	February: Sow outdoors and under cover	March: Sow outdoors and under cover	April: Sow under cover	May: Not this month	June: Not this month	July: Not this month	August: Sow under cover	September: Sow outdoors and under cover	October: Sow outdoors and under cover	November: Sow under cover	December: Sow under cover
Swiss chard	January: Sow under cover	February: Sow outdoors and under cover	March: Sow outdoors and under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow under cover	July: Sow outdoors and under cover	August: Sow outdoors and under cover	September: Sow outdoors and under cover	October: Sow outdoors and under cover	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Arugula	January: Sow outdoors and under cover	February: Sow outdoors and under cover	March: Sow outdoors and under cover	April: Sow under cover	May: Not this month	June: Not this month	July: Not this month	August: Sow under cover	September: Sow outdoors and under cover	October: Sow outdoors and under cover	November: Sow under cover	December: Sow under cover
Celery	January: Sow outdoors and under cover	February: Sow outdoors and under cover	March: Sow outdoors and under cover	April: Not this month	May: Not this month	June: Not this month	July: Sow under cover	August: Sow outdoors and under cover	September: Sow outdoors and under cover	October: Sow outdoors and under cover	November: Sow outdoors and under cover	December: Sow outdoors and under cover
Beans and peas
Runner bean	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Sow under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow under cover	July: Sow under cover	August: Sow outdoors and under cover	September: Sow outdoors and under cover	October: Sow under cover	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Green bean	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Sow under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow under cover	July: Sow outdoors and under cover	August: Sow outdoors and under cover	September: Sow outdoors and under cover	October: Sow under cover	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Fava bean	January: Sow under cover	February: Not this month	March: Not this month	April: Not this month	May: Not this month	June: Not this month	July: Not this month	August: Not this month	September: Not this month	October: Sow under cover	November: Sow outdoors and under cover	December: Sow outdoors and under cover
Pea	January: Sow outdoors and under cover	February: Sow outdoors and under cover	March: Sow outdoors and under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Not this month	June: Not this month	July: Not this month	August: Sow under cover	September: Sow outdoors and under cover	October: Sow under cover	November: Not this month	December: Sow under cover
Onion family
Onion	January: Plant outdoors and under cover	February: Plant outdoors and under cover	March: Plant under cover	April: Not this month	May: Not this month	June: Not this month	July: Plant under cover	August: Plant outdoors and under cover	September: Plant outdoors and under cover	October: Plant outdoors and under cover	November: Plant outdoors and under cover	December: Plant outdoors and under cover
Garlic	January: Plant under cover	February: Not this month	March: Not this month	April: Not this month	May: Not this month	June: Not this month	July: Not this month	August: Not this month	September: Not this month	October: Plant under cover	November: Plant outdoors and under cover	December: Plant outdoors and under cover
Leek	January: Sow outdoors and under cover	February: Sow outdoors and under cover	March: Sow outdoors and under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow under cover	June: Not this month	July: Sow under cover	August: Sow outdoors and under cover	September: Sow outdoors and under cover	October: Sow outdoors and under cover	November: Sow outdoors and under cover	December: Sow outdoors and under cover
Scallion	January: Sow outdoors and under cover	February: Sow outdoors and under cover	March: Sow outdoors and under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow under cover	July: Sow outdoors and under cover	August: Sow outdoors and under cover	September: Sow outdoors and under cover	October: Sow outdoors and under cover	November: Sow under cover	December: Sow outdoors and under cover
Shallot	January: Plant outdoors and under cover	February: Plant outdoors and under cover	March: Plant outdoors and under cover	April: Plant under cover	May: Not this month	June: Not this month	July: Plant under cover	August: Plant outdoors and under cover	September: Plant outdoors and under cover	October: Plant outdoors and under cover	November: Plant outdoors and under cover	December: Plant outdoors and under cover
Brassicas
Cabbage	January: Sow outdoors and under cover	February: Sow outdoors and under cover	March: Sow outdoors and under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow under cover	June: Not this month	July: Sow under cover	August: Sow outdoors and under cover	September: Sow outdoors and under cover	October: Sow under cover	November: Sow outdoors and under cover	December: Sow outdoors and under cover
Broccoli	January: Sow under cover	February: Sow outdoors and under cover	March: Sow outdoors and under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow under cover	June: Not this month	July: Sow under cover	August: Sow outdoors and under cover	September: Sow outdoors and under cover	October: Sow under cover	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Cauliflower	January: Sow outdoors and under cover	February: Sow outdoors and under cover	March: Sow outdoors and under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Not this month	June: Not this month	July: Not this month	August: Sow under cover	September: Sow outdoors and under cover	October: Sow under cover	November: Sow outdoors and under cover	December: Sow outdoors and under cover
Brussels sprout	January: Sow outdoors and under cover	February: Sow outdoors and under cover	March: Sow outdoors and under cover	April: Sow under cover	May: Not this month	June: Not this month	July: Sow under cover	August: Sow outdoors and under cover	September: Sow outdoors and under cover	October: Sow outdoors and under cover	November: Sow outdoors and under cover	December: Sow outdoors and under cover
Kale	January: Sow under cover	February: Sow outdoors and under cover	March: Sow outdoors and under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow under cover	July: Sow under cover	August: Sow outdoors and under cover	September: Sow outdoors and under cover	October: Sow under cover	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Bok choy	January: Sow under cover	February: Sow outdoors and under cover	March: Sow outdoors and under cover	April: Sow under cover	May: Not this month	June: Not this month	July: Not this month	August: Sow under cover	September: Sow outdoors and under cover	October: Sow outdoors and under cover	November: Sow under cover	December: Not this month
Herbs
Basil	January: Not this month	February: Sow under cover	March: Sow outdoors and under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow under cover	July: Sow outdoors and under cover	August: Sow outdoors and under cover	September: Sow outdoors and under cover	October: Sow under cover	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Parsley	January: Sow outdoors and under cover	February: Sow outdoors and under cover	March: Sow outdoors and under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow under cover	July: Sow under cover	August: Sow outdoors and under cover	September: Sow outdoors and under cover	October: Sow outdoors and under cover	November: Sow under cover	December: Sow outdoors and under cover
Cilantro	January: Sow under cover	February: Sow outdoors and under cover	March: Sow outdoors and under cover	April: Sow under cover	May: Not this month	June: Not this month	July: Not this month	August: Sow under cover	September: Sow outdoors and under cover	October: Sow outdoors and under cover	November: Sow under cover	December: Not this month
Chives	January: Sow outdoors and under cover	February: Sow outdoors and under cover	March: Sow outdoors and under cover	April: Sow under cover	May: Not this month	June: Not this month	July: Sow outdoors and under cover	August: Sow outdoors and under cover	September: Sow outdoors and under cover	October: Sow under cover	November: Not this month	December: Sow under cover
Mint	January: Sow under cover	February: Sow outdoors and under cover	March: Sow outdoors and under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow outdoors and under cover	July: Sow outdoors and under cover	August: Sow outdoors and under cover	September: Sow outdoors and under cover	October: Sow outdoors and under cover	November: Sow outdoors and under cover	December: Sow outdoors and under cover
Fruit
Strawberry	January: Plant outdoors and under cover	February: Plant outdoors and under cover	March: Plant outdoors and under cover	April: Plant under cover	May: Not this month	June: Not this month	July: Plant outdoors and under cover	August: Plant outdoors and under cover	September: Plant outdoors and under cover	October: Plant under cover	November: Plant under cover	December: Plant outdoors and under cover
Raspberry	January: Plant outdoors and under cover	February: Not this month	March: Not this month	April: Not this month	May: Not this month	June: Not this month	July: Not this month	August: Not this month	September: Not this month	October: Not this month	November: Plant under cover	December: Plant outdoors and under cover
Rhubarb	January: Plant outdoors and under cover	February: Not this month	March: Not this month	April: Not this month	May: Not this month	June: Not this month	July: Not this month	August: Not this month	September: Not this month	October: Plant under cover	November: Plant outdoors and under cover	December: Plant outdoors and under cover

Fruit rows show when to plant, not sow.

Crop by crop

Fruiting

TomatoOutdoors Apr 5 to Apr 30, and Jul 25 to Sep 7; Under cover Mar 8 to May 28, and Jun 27 to Oct 5

Sow outdoors: Apr 5 to Apr 30, and Jul 25 to Sep 7
Under cover: Mar 8 to May 28, and Jun 27 to Oct 5
First harvest: About 66 days after sowing. Sown on April 5, ready around June 10.
Warmth: Tender: needs days averaging 54°F or more, and no frost.

Tomato across the US, town by town

Chile pepperOutdoors Apr 4 to Apr 30, and Jul 25 to Sep 6; Under cover Mar 7 to May 28, and Jun 27 to Oct 4

Sow outdoors: Apr 4 to Apr 30, and Jul 25 to Sep 6
Under cover: Mar 7 to May 28, and Jun 27 to Oct 4
First harvest: About 84 days after sowing. Sown on April 4, ready around June 27.
Warmth: Tender: needs days averaging 54°F or more, and no frost.

Chile pepper across the US, town by town

Bell pepperOutdoors Apr 9 to May 5, and Jul 25 to Sep 8; Under cover Mar 12 to Jun 2, and Jun 27 to Oct 6

Sow outdoors: Apr 9 to May 5, and Jul 25 to Sep 8
Under cover: Mar 12 to Jun 2, and Jun 27 to Oct 6
First harvest: About 78 days after sowing. Sown on April 9, ready around June 26.
Warmth: Tender: needs days averaging 54°F or more, and no frost.

Bell pepper across the US, town by town

EggplantOutdoors Apr 9 to Apr 30, and Jul 25 to Sep 6; Under cover Mar 12 to May 28, and Jun 27 to Oct 4

Sow outdoors: Apr 9 to Apr 30, and Jul 25 to Sep 6
Under cover: Mar 12 to May 28, and Jun 27 to Oct 4
First harvest: About 90 days after sowing. Sown on April 9, ready around July 8.
Warmth: Tender: needs days averaging 54°F or more, and no frost.

Eggplant across the US, town by town

ZucchiniOutdoors Apr 4 to May 15, and Jul 25 to Sep 24; Under cover Mar 7 to Jun 12, and Jun 27 to Oct 22

Sow outdoors: Apr 4 to May 15, and Jul 25 to Sep 24
Under cover: Mar 7 to Jun 12, and Jun 27 to Oct 22
First harvest: About 36 days after sowing. Sown on April 4, ready around May 10.
Warmth: Tender: needs days averaging 54°F or more, and no frost.

Zucchini across the US, town by town

CucumberOutdoors Apr 4 to May 15, and Jul 25 to Sep 20; Under cover Mar 7 to Jun 12, and Jun 27 to Oct 18

Sow outdoors: Apr 4 to May 15, and Jul 25 to Sep 20
Under cover: Mar 7 to Jun 12, and Jun 27 to Oct 18
First harvest: About 42 days after sowing. Sown on April 4, ready around May 16.
Warmth: Tender: needs days averaging 54°F or more, and no frost.

Cucumber across the US, town by town

Winter squashOutdoors Apr 4 to May 5, and Jul 25 to Sep 8; Under cover Mar 7 to Jun 2, and Jun 27 to Oct 6

Sow outdoors: Apr 4 to May 5, and Jul 25 to Sep 8
Under cover: Mar 7 to Jun 2, and Jun 27 to Oct 6
First harvest: About 66 days after sowing. Sown on April 4, ready around June 9.
Warmth: Tender: needs days averaging 54°F or more, and no frost.

Winter squash across the US, town by town

Sweet cornOutdoors Mar 30 to May 5, and Jul 25 to Sep 10; Under cover Mar 2 to Jun 2, and Jun 27 to Oct 8

Sow outdoors: Mar 30 to May 5, and Jul 25 to Sep 10
Under cover: Mar 2 to Jun 2, and Jun 27 to Oct 8
First harvest: About 60 days after sowing. Sown on March 30, ready around May 29.
Warmth: Tender: needs days averaging 52°F or more, and no frost.

Sweet corn across the US, town by town

Roots

CarrotOutdoors Feb 4 to May 10, and Aug 7 to Sep 19; Under cover Jan 7 to Jun 7, and Jul 10 to Oct 17

Sow outdoors: Feb 4 to May 10, and Aug 7 to Sep 19
Under cover: Jan 7 to Jun 7, and Jul 10 to Oct 17
First harvest: About 87 days after sowing. Sown on February 4, ready around May 2.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 45°F.

Carrot across the US, town by town

BeetOutdoors Feb 4 to May 20, and Jul 29 to Sep 27; Under cover Jan 7 to Jun 17, and Jul 1 to Oct 25

Sow outdoors: Feb 4 to May 20, and Jul 29 to Sep 27
Under cover: Jan 7 to Jun 17, and Jul 1 to Oct 25
First harvest: About 65 days after sowing. Sown on February 4, ready around April 10.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 45°F.

Beet across the US, town by town

ParsnipOutdoors Aug 7 to Sep 19, and Nov 1 to Apr 2; Under cover Jul 10 to Apr 30

Sow outdoors: Aug 7 to Sep 19, and Nov 1 to Apr 2
Under cover: Jul 10 to Apr 30
First harvest: About 78 days after sowing. Sown on August 7, ready around October 24.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 43°F.

Parsnip across the US, town by town

RadishOutdoors Jan 15 to Apr 8, and Sep 2 to Nov 1; Under cover Aug 5 to Nov 29, and Dec 18 to May 6

Sow outdoors: Jan 15 to Apr 8, and Sep 2 to Nov 1
Under cover: Aug 5 to Nov 29, and Dec 18 to May 6
First harvest: About 32 days after sowing. Sown on January 15, ready around February 16.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 43°F; bolts in hot weather.

Radish across the US, town by town

PotatoOutdoors Aug 15 to Sep 20, and Dec 10 to Mar 12; Under cover Jul 18 to Oct 18, and Nov 12 to Apr 9

Plant outdoors: Aug 15 to Sep 20, and Dec 10 to Mar 12
Under cover: Jul 18 to Oct 18, and Nov 12 to Apr 9
First harvest: About 60 days after planting. Planted on August 15, ready around October 14.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 43°F.

Potato across the US, town by town

TurnipOutdoors Jan 15 to Apr 15, and Aug 27 to Oct 8; Under cover Jul 30 to Nov 5, and Dec 18 to May 13

Sow outdoors: Jan 15 to Apr 15, and Aug 27 to Oct 8
Under cover: Jul 30 to Nov 5, and Dec 18 to May 13
First harvest: About 63 days after sowing. Sown on January 15, ready around March 19.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 43°F.

Turnip across the US, town by town

Leaves

LettuceOutdoors Jan 23 to Apr 1, and Sep 7 to Oct 5; Under cover Aug 10 to Nov 2, and Dec 26 to Apr 29

Sow outdoors: Jan 23 to Apr 1, and Sep 7 to Oct 5
Under cover: Aug 10 to Nov 2, and Dec 26 to Apr 29
First harvest: About 68 days after sowing. Sown on January 23, ready around April 1.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 43°F; bolts in hot weather.

Lettuce across the US, town by town

SpinachOutdoors Jan 15 to Apr 1, and Sep 7 to Nov 1; Under cover Aug 10 to Nov 29, and Dec 18 to Apr 29

Sow outdoors: Jan 15 to Apr 1, and Sep 7 to Nov 1
Under cover: Aug 10 to Nov 29, and Dec 18 to Apr 29
First harvest: About 49 days after sowing. Sown on January 15, ready around March 5.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 43°F; bolts in hot weather.

Spinach across the US, town by town

Swiss chardOutdoors Feb 4 to Jun 5, and Jul 16 to Oct 8; Under cover Jan 7 to Nov 5

Sow outdoors: Feb 4 to Jun 5, and Jul 16 to Oct 8
Under cover: Jan 7 to Nov 5
First harvest: About 56 days after sowing. Sown on February 4, ready around April 1.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 45°F.

Swiss chard across the US, town by town

ArugulaOutdoors Jan 15 to Apr 1, and Sep 7 to Nov 1; Under cover Aug 10 to Nov 29, and Dec 18 to Apr 29

Sow outdoors: Jan 15 to Apr 1, and Sep 7 to Nov 1
Under cover: Aug 10 to Nov 29, and Dec 18 to Apr 29
First harvest: About 44 days after sowing. Sown on January 15, ready around February 28.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 43°F; bolts in hot weather.

Arugula across the US, town by town

CeleryOutdoors Aug 15 to Mar 9; Under cover Jul 18 to Apr 6

Sow outdoors: Aug 15 to Mar 9
Under cover: Jul 18 to Apr 6
First harvest: About 78 days after sowing. Sown on August 15, ready around November 1.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 41°F.

Celery across the US, town by town

Beans and peas

Runner beanOutdoors Mar 30 to May 15, and Jul 29 to Sep 14; Under cover Mar 2 to Jun 12, and Jul 1 to Oct 12

Sow outdoors: Mar 30 to May 15, and Jul 29 to Sep 14
Under cover: Mar 2 to Jun 12, and Jul 1 to Oct 12
First harvest: About 54 days after sowing. Sown on March 30, ready around May 23.
Warmth: Tender: needs days averaging 52°F or more, and no frost.

Runner bean across the US, town by town

Green beanOutdoors Mar 30 to May 30, and Jul 25 to Sep 22; Under cover Mar 2 to Oct 20

Sow outdoors: Mar 30 to May 30, and Jul 25 to Sep 22
Under cover: Mar 2 to Oct 20
First harvest: About 42 days after sowing. Sown on March 30, ready around May 11.
Warmth: Tender: needs days averaging 52°F or more, and no frost.

Green bean across the US, town by town

Fava beanOutdoors Nov 9 to Dec 17; Under cover Oct 12 to Jan 14

Sow outdoors: Nov 9 to Dec 17
Under cover: Oct 12 to Jan 14
First harvest: About 220 days after sowing. Sown on November 9, ready around June 17.
Warmth: Hardy: goes in as the weather cools, and grows on through winter.

Fava bean across the US, town by town

PeaOutdoors Jan 15 to Apr 8, and Sep 2 to Sep 20; Under cover Aug 5 to Aug 23, and Sep 2 to Sep 20, and Sep 30 to Oct 18, and Dec 18 to May 6

Sow outdoors: Jan 15 to Apr 8, and Sep 2 to Sep 20
Under cover: Aug 5 to Aug 23, and Sep 2 to Sep 20, and Sep 30 to Oct 18, and Dec 18 to May 6
First harvest: About 81 days after sowing. Sown on January 15, ready around April 6.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 43°F; bolts in hot weather.

Pea across the US, town by town

Onion family

OnionOutdoors Aug 7 to Feb 28; Under cover Jul 10 to Mar 28

Plant outdoors: Aug 7 to Feb 28
Under cover: Jul 10 to Mar 28
First harvest: About 84 days after planting. Planted on August 7, ready around October 30.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 43°F.

Onion across the US, town by town

GarlicOutdoors Nov 9 to Jan 2; Under cover Oct 12 to Jan 30

Plant outdoors: Nov 9 to Jan 2
Under cover: Oct 12 to Jan 30
First harvest: About 250 days after planting. Planted on November 9, ready around July 17.
Warmth: Hardy: goes in as the weather cools, and grows on through winter.

Garlic across the US, town by town

LeekOutdoors Jul 29 to May 2; Under cover Jul 1 to May 30

Sow outdoors: Jul 29 to May 2
Under cover: Jul 1 to May 30
First harvest: About 90 days after sowing. Sown on July 29, ready around October 27.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 43°F.

Leek across the US, town by town

ScallionOutdoors Jul 16 to Oct 26, and Dec 15 to Jun 5; Under cover all year

Sow outdoors: Jul 16 to Oct 26, and Dec 15 to Jun 5
Under cover: all year
First harvest: About 42 days after sowing. Sown on July 16, ready around August 27.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 41°F.

Scallion across the US, town by town

ShallotOutdoors Aug 7 to Mar 23; Under cover Jul 10 to Apr 20

Plant outdoors: Aug 7 to Mar 23
Under cover: Jul 10 to Apr 20
First harvest: About 78 days after planting. Planted on August 7, ready around October 24.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 41°F.

Shallot across the US, town by town

Brassicas

CabbageOutdoors Aug 15 to Sep 26, and Nov 20 to May 1; Under cover Jul 18 to May 29

Sow outdoors: Aug 15 to Sep 26, and Nov 20 to May 1
Under cover: Jul 18 to May 29
First harvest: About 66 days after sowing. Sown on August 15, ready around October 20.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 43°F.

Cabbage across the US, town by town

BroccoliOutdoors Feb 4 to May 1, and Aug 15 to Sep 17; Under cover Jan 7 to May 29, and Jul 18 to Oct 15

Sow outdoors: Feb 4 to May 1, and Aug 15 to Sep 17
Under cover: Jan 7 to May 29, and Jul 18 to Oct 15
First harvest: About 80 days after sowing. Sown on February 4, ready around April 25.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 45°F.

Broccoli across the US, town by town

CauliflowerOutdoors Sep 2 to Sep 14, and Nov 18 to Apr 8; Under cover Aug 5 to Aug 17, and Sep 2 to Sep 14, and Sep 30 to Oct 12, and Oct 21 to May 6

Sow outdoors: Sep 2 to Sep 14, and Nov 18 to Apr 8
Under cover: Aug 5 to Aug 17, and Sep 2 to Sep 14, and Sep 30 to Oct 12, and Oct 21 to May 6
First harvest: About 72 days after sowing. Sown on September 2, ready around November 13.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 43°F; bolts in hot weather.

Cauliflower across the US, town by town

Brussels sproutOutdoors Aug 15 to Mar 17; Under cover Jul 18 to Apr 14

Sow outdoors: Aug 15 to Mar 17
Under cover: Jul 18 to Apr 14
First harvest: About 108 days after sowing. Sown on August 15, ready around December 1.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 43°F.

Brussels sprout across the US, town by town

KaleOutdoors Feb 4 to May 10, and Aug 7 to Sep 23; Under cover Jan 7 to Jun 7, and Jul 10 to Oct 21

Sow outdoors: Feb 4 to May 10, and Aug 7 to Sep 23
Under cover: Jan 7 to Jun 7, and Jul 10 to Oct 21
First harvest: About 73 days after sowing. Sown on February 4, ready around April 18.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 45°F.

Kale across the US, town by town

Bok choyOutdoors Feb 15 to Apr 1, and Sep 7 to Oct 20; Under cover Jan 18 to Apr 29, and Aug 10 to Nov 17

Sow outdoors: Feb 15 to Apr 1, and Sep 7 to Oct 20
Under cover: Jan 18 to Apr 29, and Aug 10 to Nov 17
First harvest: About 42 days after sowing. Sown on February 15, ready around March 29.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 46°F; bolts in hot weather.

Bok choy across the US, town by town

Herbs

BasilOutdoors Mar 1 to May 31, and Jul 25 to Sep 25; Under cover Feb 1 to Oct 23

Sow outdoors: Mar 1 to May 31, and Jul 25 to Sep 25
Under cover: Feb 1 to Oct 23
First harvest: About 49 days after sowing. Sown on March 1, ready around April 19.
Warmth: Tender: needs days averaging 46°F or more, and no frost.

Basil across the US, town by town

ParsleyOutdoors Jul 29 to Oct 11, and Dec 23 to May 21; Under cover Jul 1 to Nov 8, and Nov 25 to Jun 18

Sow outdoors: Jul 29 to Oct 11, and Dec 23 to May 21
Under cover: Jul 1 to Nov 8, and Nov 25 to Jun 18
First harvest: About 45 days after sowing. Sown on July 29, ready around September 12.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 43°F.

Parsley across the US, town by town

CilantroOutdoors Feb 4 to Apr 1, and Sep 7 to Oct 20; Under cover Jan 7 to Apr 29, and Aug 10 to Nov 17

Sow outdoors: Feb 4 to Apr 1, and Sep 7 to Oct 20
Under cover: Jan 7 to Apr 29, and Aug 10 to Nov 17
First harvest: About 48 days after sowing. Sown on February 4, ready around March 24.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 45°F; bolts in hot weather.

Cilantro across the US, town by town

ChivesOutdoors Jan 15 to Apr 2, and Jul 25 to Sep 22; Under cover Jun 27 to Oct 20, and Dec 18 to Apr 30

Sow outdoors: Jan 15 to Apr 2, and Jul 25 to Sep 22
Under cover: Jun 27 to Oct 20, and Dec 18 to Apr 30
First harvest: Crops every year once it’s established.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 43°F.

Chives across the US, town by town

MintOutdoors Feb 4 to Dec 14; Under cover all year

Sow outdoors: Feb 4 to Dec 14
Under cover: all year
First harvest: Crops every year once it’s established.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 45°F.

Mint across the US, town by town

Fruit

StrawberryOutdoors Jul 25 to Sep 22, and Dec 22 to Mar 17; Under cover Jun 27 to Oct 20, and Nov 24 to Apr 14

Plant outdoors: Jul 25 to Sep 22, and Dec 22 to Mar 17
Under cover: Jun 27 to Oct 20, and Nov 24 to Apr 14
First harvest: Crops every year once it’s established.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 43°F.

Strawberry across the US, town by town

RaspberryOutdoors Nov 30 to Jan 8; Under cover Nov 2 to Feb 5

Plant outdoors: Nov 30 to Jan 8
Under cover: Nov 2 to Feb 5
First harvest: Crops every year once it’s established.
Warmth: Hardy: goes in as the weather cools, and grows on through winter.

Raspberry across the US, town by town

RhubarbOutdoors Nov 18 to Jan 8; Under cover Oct 21 to Feb 5

Plant outdoors: Nov 18 to Jan 8
Under cover: Oct 21 to Feb 5
First harvest: Crops every year once it’s established.
Warmth: Hardy: goes in as the weather cools, and grows on through winter.

Rhubarb across the US, town by town

Nearby

Questions about growing in Midland

When is the last frost in Midland?

On average around March 1, and the first autumn frost comes around November 25. In a cold spring a frost can come a week or two late, so tender plants are safest out a week after the date.

Can I grow tomatoes outdoors in Midland?

Yes. Plant them outdoors Apr 5 to Apr 30, and Jul 25 to Sep 7, or under cover Mar 8 to May 28, and Jun 27 to Oct 5.

What can I sow in Midland in November?

Outdoors: parsnip, celery, fava bean, onion, garlic, leek, shallot, cabbage, cauliflower, Brussels sprout, mint, rhubarb. Under cover: radish, potato, spinach, arugula, scallion, bok choy, parsley, cilantro, strawberry, raspberry.

How accurate are these dates?

They’re worked out from 30 years of climate data for this spot, adjusted for its height, so they’re a good guide for a typical year. Check the forecast before planting out anything tender.

Get these dates as reminders

Bia turns this calendar into a nudge when it’s time to sow, plant out and harvest, for your backyard or community garden plot in Midland. Free for 2 months.

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How these dates are worked out: climate records for this spot (ERA5-Land, 1995 to 2024), the local frost dates and the height above sea level turn a seed-packet date into a local one. Contains modified Copernicus Climate Change Service information; towns from GeoNames (CC BY 4.0). How sowing dates work