Pennsylvania, US

Planting calendar for Philadelphia

Last frost around March 30, first frost around November 15: about 230 frost-free days.

Last frost: March 30
First frost: November 15
Frost-free days: 230

Sow now: November

See the whole year

Outdoors

Fava bean
Garlic
Raspberry
Rhubarb

Under cover

Mint

The year at a glance

When each crop can be sown in Philadelphia. Tap a crop for exact dates and when it’s ready to harvest.

Sow outdoorsSow under cover (indoors, a greenhouse or a cold frame)

When to sow each crop in Philadelphia, month by month. Each month says whether you can sow outdoors, under cover, or both.
Crop	JJan	FFeb	MMar	AApr	MMay	JJun	JJul	AAug	SSep	OOct	NNov	DDec
Fruiting
Tomato	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Not this month	April: Sow under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow under cover	July: Sow under cover	August: Sow outdoors and under cover	September: Sow under cover	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Chile pepper	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Not this month	April: Sow under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow under cover	July: Sow under cover	August: Sow outdoors and under cover	September: Sow under cover	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Bell pepper	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Not this month	April: Sow under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow under cover	July: Sow under cover	August: Sow outdoors and under cover	September: Sow under cover	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Eggplant	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Not this month	April: Sow under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow under cover	July: Sow under cover	August: Sow outdoors and under cover	September: Sow under cover	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Zucchini	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Not this month	April: Sow under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow outdoors and under cover	July: Sow under cover	August: Sow outdoors and under cover	September: Sow under cover	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Cucumber	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Not this month	April: Sow under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow outdoors and under cover	July: Sow under cover	August: Sow outdoors and under cover	September: Sow under cover	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Winter squash	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Not this month	April: Sow under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow under cover	July: Sow under cover	August: Sow outdoors and under cover	September: Sow under cover	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Sweet corn	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Not this month	April: Sow under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow under cover	July: Sow under cover	August: Sow outdoors and under cover	September: Sow under cover	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Roots
Carrot	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Sow outdoors and under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow outdoors and under cover	July: Sow under cover	August: Sow outdoors and under cover	September: Sow under cover	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Beet	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Sow outdoors and under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow outdoors and under cover	July: Sow outdoors and under cover	August: Sow outdoors and under cover	September: Sow under cover	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Parsnip	January: Not this month	February: Sow under cover	March: Sow outdoors and under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow under cover	July: Not this month	August: Not this month	September: Not this month	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Radish	January: Not this month	February: Sow under cover	March: Sow outdoors and under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow under cover	July: Sow under cover	August: Sow outdoors and under cover	September: Sow outdoors and under cover	October: Sow outdoors and under cover	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Potato	January: Not this month	February: Plant under cover	March: Plant outdoors and under cover	April: Plant outdoors and under cover	May: Plant outdoors and under cover	June: Plant under cover	July: Plant under cover	August: Plant outdoors and under cover	September: Plant under cover	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Turnip	January: Not this month	February: Sow under cover	March: Sow outdoors and under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow under cover	July: Sow under cover	August: Sow outdoors and under cover	September: Sow outdoors and under cover	October: Sow under cover	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Leaves
Lettuce	January: Not this month	February: Sow under cover	March: Sow outdoors and under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow under cover	July: Sow under cover	August: Sow outdoors and under cover	September: Sow outdoors and under cover	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Spinach	January: Not this month	February: Sow under cover	March: Sow outdoors and under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow under cover	July: Sow under cover	August: Sow outdoors and under cover	September: Sow outdoors and under cover	October: Sow under cover	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Swiss chard	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Sow outdoors and under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow outdoors and under cover	July: Sow outdoors and under cover	August: Sow outdoors and under cover	September: Sow outdoors and under cover	October: Sow under cover	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Arugula	January: Not this month	February: Sow under cover	March: Sow outdoors and under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow under cover	July: Sow under cover	August: Sow outdoors and under cover	September: Sow outdoors and under cover	October: Sow under cover	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Celery	January: Not this month	February: Sow under cover	March: Sow outdoors and under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow under cover	July: Sow under cover	August: Sow under cover	September: Not this month	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Beans and peas
Runner bean	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Not this month	April: Sow under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow outdoors and under cover	July: Sow under cover	August: Sow outdoors and under cover	September: Sow under cover	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Green bean	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Not this month	April: Sow under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow outdoors and under cover	July: Sow under cover	August: Sow outdoors and under cover	September: Sow under cover	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Fava bean	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Not this month	April: Not this month	May: Not this month	June: Not this month	July: Not this month	August: Not this month	September: Not this month	October: Sow under cover	November: Sow outdoors and under cover	December: Sow under cover
Pea	January: Not this month	February: Sow under cover	March: Sow outdoors and under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow under cover	July: Sow under cover	August: Sow outdoors and under cover	September: Sow under cover	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Onion family
Onion	January: Not this month	February: Plant under cover	March: Plant outdoors and under cover	April: Plant outdoors and under cover	May: Plant under cover	June: Not this month	July: Not this month	August: Not this month	September: Not this month	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Garlic	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Not this month	April: Not this month	May: Not this month	June: Not this month	July: Not this month	August: Not this month	September: Not this month	October: Plant under cover	November: Plant outdoors and under cover	December: Plant under cover
Leek	January: Not this month	February: Sow under cover	March: Sow outdoors and under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow outdoors and under cover	July: Sow under cover	August: Sow under cover	September: Not this month	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Scallion	January: Not this month	February: Sow under cover	March: Sow outdoors and under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow outdoors and under cover	July: Sow outdoors and under cover	August: Sow outdoors and under cover	September: Sow outdoors and under cover	October: Sow under cover	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Shallot	January: Not this month	February: Plant under cover	March: Plant outdoors and under cover	April: Plant outdoors and under cover	May: Plant outdoors and under cover	June: Plant under cover	July: Plant under cover	August: Plant under cover	September: Not this month	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Brassicas
Cabbage	January: Not this month	February: Sow under cover	March: Sow outdoors and under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow outdoors and under cover	July: Sow outdoors and under cover	August: Sow outdoors and under cover	September: Sow under cover	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Broccoli	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Sow outdoors and under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow outdoors and under cover	July: Sow under cover	August: Sow outdoors and under cover	September: Sow under cover	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Cauliflower	January: Not this month	February: Sow under cover	March: Sow outdoors and under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow under cover	July: Not this month	August: Not this month	September: Not this month	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Brussels sprout	January: Not this month	February: Sow under cover	March: Sow outdoors and under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow under cover	July: Not this month	August: Not this month	September: Not this month	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Kale	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Sow outdoors and under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow outdoors and under cover	July: Sow outdoors and under cover	August: Sow outdoors and under cover	September: Sow under cover	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Bok choy	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Sow under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow under cover	July: Sow under cover	August: Sow outdoors and under cover	September: Sow outdoors and under cover	October: Sow under cover	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Herbs
Basil	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Sow under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow outdoors and under cover	July: Sow under cover	August: Sow outdoors and under cover	September: Sow under cover	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Parsley	January: Not this month	February: Sow under cover	March: Sow outdoors and under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow outdoors and under cover	July: Sow outdoors and under cover	August: Sow outdoors and under cover	September: Sow outdoors and under cover	October: Sow under cover	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Cilantro	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Sow outdoors and under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow under cover	July: Sow under cover	August: Sow outdoors and under cover	September: Sow outdoors and under cover	October: Sow under cover	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Chives	January: Not this month	February: Sow under cover	March: Sow outdoors and under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow under cover	July: Sow under cover	August: Sow outdoors and under cover	September: Sow under cover	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Mint	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Sow outdoors and under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow outdoors and under cover	July: Sow outdoors and under cover	August: Sow outdoors and under cover	September: Sow outdoors and under cover	October: Sow outdoors and under cover	November: Sow under cover	December: Not this month
Fruit
Strawberry	January: Not this month	February: Plant under cover	March: Plant outdoors and under cover	April: Plant outdoors and under cover	May: Plant outdoors and under cover	June: Plant under cover	July: Plant under cover	August: Plant outdoors and under cover	September: Plant under cover	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Raspberry	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Not this month	April: Not this month	May: Not this month	June: Not this month	July: Not this month	August: Not this month	September: Not this month	October: Plant under cover	November: Plant outdoors and under cover	December: Plant outdoors and under cover
Rhubarb	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Not this month	April: Not this month	May: Not this month	June: Not this month	July: Not this month	August: Not this month	September: Not this month	October: Plant under cover	November: Plant outdoors and under cover	December: Plant under cover

Fruit rows show when to plant, not sow.

Crop by crop

Fruiting

TomatoOutdoors May 4 to May 29, and Jul 28 to Aug 17; Under cover Apr 6 to Sep 14

Sow outdoors: May 4 to May 29, and Jul 28 to Aug 17
Under cover: Apr 6 to Sep 14
First harvest: About 66 days after sowing. Sown on May 4, ready around July 9.
Warmth: Tender: needs days averaging 54°F or more, and no frost.

Tomato across the US, town by town

Chile pepperOutdoors May 3 to May 29, and Jul 28 to Aug 15; Under cover Apr 5 to Jul 18, and Jul 28 to Aug 15, and Aug 25 to Sep 12

Sow outdoors: May 3 to May 29, and Jul 28 to Aug 15
Under cover: Apr 5 to Jul 18, and Jul 28 to Aug 15, and Aug 25 to Sep 12
First harvest: About 84 days after sowing. Sown on May 3, ready around July 26.
Warmth: Tender: needs days averaging 54°F or more, and no frost.

Chile pepper across the US, town by town

Bell pepperOutdoors May 8 to Jun 3, and Jul 28 to Aug 17; Under cover Apr 10 to Sep 14

Sow outdoors: May 8 to Jun 3, and Jul 28 to Aug 17
Under cover: Apr 10 to Sep 14
First harvest: About 78 days after sowing. Sown on May 8, ready around July 25.
Warmth: Tender: needs days averaging 54°F or more, and no frost.

Bell pepper across the US, town by town

EggplantOutdoors May 8 to May 29, and Jul 28 to Aug 15; Under cover Apr 10 to Jul 18, and Jul 28 to Aug 15, and Aug 25 to Sep 12

Sow outdoors: May 8 to May 29, and Jul 28 to Aug 15
Under cover: Apr 10 to Jul 18, and Jul 28 to Aug 15, and Aug 25 to Sep 12
First harvest: About 90 days after sowing. Sown on May 8, ready around August 6.
Warmth: Tender: needs days averaging 54°F or more, and no frost.

Eggplant across the US, town by town

ZucchiniOutdoors May 3 to Jun 13, and Jul 28 to Sep 4; Under cover Apr 5 to Oct 2

Sow outdoors: May 3 to Jun 13, and Jul 28 to Sep 4
Under cover: Apr 5 to Oct 2
First harvest: About 43 days after sowing. Sown on May 3, ready around June 15.
Warmth: Tender: needs days averaging 54°F or more, and no frost.

Zucchini across the US, town by town

CucumberOutdoors May 3 to Jun 13, and Jul 28 to Aug 30; Under cover Apr 5 to Sep 27

Sow outdoors: May 3 to Jun 13, and Jul 28 to Aug 30
Under cover: Apr 5 to Sep 27
First harvest: About 48 days after sowing. Sown on May 3, ready around June 20.
Warmth: Tender: needs days averaging 54°F or more, and no frost.

Cucumber across the US, town by town

Winter squashOutdoors May 3 to Jun 3, and Jul 28 to Aug 18; Under cover Apr 5 to Sep 15

Sow outdoors: May 3 to Jun 3, and Jul 28 to Aug 18
Under cover: Apr 5 to Sep 15
First harvest: About 66 days after sowing. Sown on May 3, ready around July 8.
Warmth: Tender: needs days averaging 54°F or more, and no frost.

Winter squash across the US, town by town

Sweet cornOutdoors Apr 28 to Jun 3, and Jul 28 to Aug 19; Under cover Mar 31 to Sep 16

Sow outdoors: Apr 28 to Jun 3, and Jul 28 to Aug 19
Under cover: Mar 31 to Sep 16
First harvest: About 62 days after sowing. Sown on April 28, ready around June 29.
Warmth: Tender: needs days averaging 52°F or more, and no frost.

Sweet corn across the US, town by town

Roots

CarrotOutdoors Mar 24 to Jul 2, and Jul 28 to Aug 18; Under cover Feb 24 to Sep 15

Sow outdoors: Mar 24 to Jul 2, and Jul 28 to Aug 18
Under cover: Feb 24 to Sep 15
First harvest: About 75 days after sowing. Sown on March 24, ready around June 7.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 45°F.

Carrot across the US, town by town

BeetOutdoors Mar 24 to Jul 7, and Jul 28 to Sep 1; Under cover Feb 24 to Sep 29

Sow outdoors: Mar 24 to Jul 7, and Jul 28 to Sep 1
Under cover: Feb 24 to Sep 29
First harvest: About 54 days after sowing. Sown on March 24, ready around May 17.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 45°F.

Beet across the US, town by town

ParsnipOutdoors Mar 17 to Jun 2; Under cover Feb 17 to Jun 30

Sow outdoors: Mar 17 to Jun 2
Under cover: Feb 17 to Jun 30
First harvest: About 92 days after sowing. Sown on March 17, ready around June 17.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 43°F.

Parsnip across the US, town by town

RadishOutdoors Mar 17 to May 20, and Aug 8 to Oct 9; Under cover Feb 17 to Jun 17, and Jul 11 to Nov 6

Sow outdoors: Mar 17 to May 20, and Aug 8 to Oct 9
Under cover: Feb 17 to Jun 17, and Jul 11 to Nov 6
First harvest: About 21 days after sowing. Sown on March 17, ready around April 7.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 43°F; bolts in hot weather.

Radish across the US, town by town

PotatoOutdoors Mar 17 to May 12, and Jul 28 to Aug 19; Under cover Feb 17 to Jun 9, and Jun 30 to Sep 16

Plant outdoors: Mar 17 to May 12, and Jul 28 to Aug 19
Under cover: Feb 17 to Jun 9, and Jun 30 to Sep 16
First harvest: About 71 days after planting. Planted on March 17, ready around May 27.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 43°F.

Potato across the US, town by town

TurnipOutdoors Mar 17 to May 29, and Jul 31 to Sep 13; Under cover Feb 17 to Oct 11

Sow outdoors: Mar 17 to May 29, and Jul 31 to Sep 13
Under cover: Feb 17 to Oct 11
First harvest: About 43 days after sowing. Sown on March 17, ready around April 29.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 43°F.

Turnip across the US, town by town

Leaves

LettuceOutdoors Mar 19 to May 12, and Aug 15 to Sep 8; Under cover Feb 19 to Jun 9, and Jul 18 to Oct 6

Sow outdoors: Mar 19 to May 12, and Aug 15 to Sep 8
Under cover: Feb 19 to Jun 9, and Jul 18 to Oct 6
First harvest: About 51 days after sowing. Sown on March 19, ready around May 9.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 43°F; bolts in hot weather.

Lettuce across the US, town by town

SpinachOutdoors Mar 17 to May 12, and Aug 15 to Oct 4; Under cover Feb 17 to Jun 9, and Jul 18 to Nov 1

Sow outdoors: Mar 17 to May 12, and Aug 15 to Oct 4
Under cover: Feb 17 to Jun 9, and Jul 18 to Nov 1
First harvest: About 32 days after sowing. Sown on March 17, ready around April 18.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 43°F; bolts in hot weather.

Spinach across the US, town by town

Swiss chardOutdoors Mar 24 to Sep 13; Under cover Feb 24 to Oct 11

Sow outdoors: Mar 24 to Sep 13
Under cover: Feb 24 to Oct 11
First harvest: About 46 days after sowing. Sown on March 24, ready around May 9.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 45°F.

Swiss chard across the US, town by town

ArugulaOutdoors Mar 17 to May 12, and Aug 15 to Oct 5; Under cover Feb 17 to Jun 9, and Jul 18 to Nov 2

Sow outdoors: Mar 17 to May 12, and Aug 15 to Oct 5
Under cover: Feb 17 to Jun 9, and Jul 18 to Nov 2
First harvest: About 29 days after sowing. Sown on March 17, ready around April 15.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 43°F; bolts in hot weather.

Arugula across the US, town by town

CeleryOutdoors Mar 12 to May 11, and Jul 28 to Aug 3; Under cover Feb 12 to Jun 8, and Jun 30 to Jul 6, and Jul 28 to Aug 3, and Aug 25 to Aug 31

Sow outdoors: Mar 12 to May 11, and Jul 28 to Aug 3
Under cover: Feb 12 to Jun 8, and Jun 30 to Jul 6, and Jul 28 to Aug 3, and Aug 25 to Aug 31
First harvest: About 87 days after sowing. Sown on March 12, ready around June 7.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 41°F.

Celery across the US, town by town

Beans and peas

Runner beanOutdoors Apr 28 to Jun 13, and Jul 28 to Aug 23; Under cover Mar 31 to Sep 20

Sow outdoors: Apr 28 to Jun 13, and Jul 28 to Aug 23
Under cover: Mar 31 to Sep 20
First harvest: About 59 days after sowing. Sown on April 28, ready around June 26.
Warmth: Tender: needs days averaging 52°F or more, and no frost.

Runner bean across the US, town by town

Green beanOutdoors Apr 28 to Jun 28, and Jul 28 to Sep 1; Under cover Mar 31 to Sep 29

Sow outdoors: Apr 28 to Jun 28, and Jul 28 to Sep 1
Under cover: Mar 31 to Sep 29
First harvest: About 50 days after sowing. Sown on April 28, ready around June 17.
Warmth: Tender: needs days averaging 52°F or more, and no frost.

Green bean across the US, town by town

Fava beanOutdoors Oct 28 to Nov 24; Under cover Sep 30 to Dec 22

Sow outdoors: Oct 28 to Nov 24
Under cover: Sep 30 to Dec 22
First harvest: About 220 days after sowing. Sown on October 28, ready around June 5.
Warmth: Hardy: goes in as the weather cools, and grows on through winter.

Fava bean across the US, town by town

PeaOutdoors Mar 17 to May 20, and Aug 8 to Aug 24; Under cover Feb 17 to Jun 17, and Jul 11 to Jul 27, and Aug 8 to Aug 24, and Sep 5 to Sep 21

Sow outdoors: Mar 17 to May 20, and Aug 8 to Aug 24
Under cover: Feb 17 to Jun 17, and Jul 11 to Jul 27, and Aug 8 to Aug 24, and Sep 5 to Sep 21
First harvest: About 57 days after sowing. Sown on March 17, ready around May 13.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 43°F; bolts in hot weather.

Pea across the US, town by town

Onion family

OnionOutdoors Mar 15 to May 5; Under cover Feb 15 to Jun 2

Plant outdoors: Mar 15 to May 5
Under cover: Feb 15 to Jun 2
First harvest: About 97 days after planting. Planted on March 15, ready around June 20.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 43°F.

Onion across the US, town by town

GarlicOutdoors Oct 28 to Nov 29; Under cover Sep 30 to Dec 27

Plant outdoors: Oct 28 to Nov 29
Under cover: Sep 30 to Dec 27
First harvest: About 250 days after planting. Planted on October 28, ready around July 5.
Warmth: Hardy: goes in as the weather cools, and grows on through winter.

Garlic across the US, town by town

LeekOutdoors Mar 17 to Jul 2, and Jul 28 to Aug 5; Under cover Feb 17 to Aug 5, and Aug 25 to Sep 2

Sow outdoors: Mar 17 to Jul 2, and Jul 28 to Aug 5
Under cover: Feb 17 to Aug 5, and Aug 25 to Sep 2
First harvest: About 105 days after sowing. Sown on March 17, ready around June 30.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 43°F.

Leek across the US, town by town

ScallionOutdoors Mar 12 to Sep 22; Under cover Feb 12 to Oct 20

Sow outdoors: Mar 12 to Sep 22
Under cover: Feb 12 to Oct 20
First harvest: About 45 days after sowing. Sown on March 12, ready around April 26.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 41°F.

Scallion across the US, town by town

ShallotOutdoors Mar 8 to May 21, and Jul 28 to Aug 3; Under cover Feb 8 to Jun 18, and Jun 30 to Jul 6, and Jul 28 to Aug 3, and Aug 25 to Aug 31

Plant outdoors: Mar 8 to May 21, and Jul 28 to Aug 3
Under cover: Feb 8 to Jun 18, and Jun 30 to Jul 6, and Jul 28 to Aug 3, and Aug 25 to Aug 31
First harvest: About 81 days after planting. Planted on March 8, ready around May 28.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 41°F.

Shallot across the US, town by town

Brassicas

CabbageOutdoors Mar 17 to Aug 17; Under cover Feb 17 to Sep 14

Sow outdoors: Mar 17 to Aug 17
Under cover: Feb 17 to Sep 14
First harvest: About 78 days after sowing. Sown on March 17, ready around June 3.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 43°F.

Cabbage across the US, town by town

BroccoliOutdoors Mar 24 to Jun 22, and Jul 28 to Aug 19; Under cover Feb 24 to Sep 16

Sow outdoors: Mar 24 to Jun 22, and Jul 28 to Aug 19
Under cover: Feb 24 to Sep 16
First harvest: About 68 days after sowing. Sown on March 24, ready around May 31.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 45°F.

Broccoli across the US, town by town

CauliflowerOutdoors Mar 17 to May 20; Under cover Feb 17 to Jun 17

Sow outdoors: Mar 17 to May 20
Under cover: Feb 17 to Jun 17
First harvest: About 85 days after sowing. Sown on March 17, ready around June 10.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 43°F; bolts in hot weather.

Cauliflower across the US, town by town

Brussels sproutOutdoors Mar 17 to May 17; Under cover Feb 17 to Jun 14

Sow outdoors: Mar 17 to May 17
Under cover: Feb 17 to Jun 14
First harvest: About 121 days after sowing. Sown on March 17, ready around July 16.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 43°F.

Brussels sprout across the US, town by town

KaleOutdoors Mar 24 to Jul 7, and Jul 28 to Aug 27; Under cover Feb 24 to Sep 24

Sow outdoors: Mar 24 to Jul 7, and Jul 28 to Aug 27
Under cover: Feb 24 to Sep 24
First harvest: About 61 days after sowing. Sown on March 24, ready around May 24.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 45°F.

Kale across the US, town by town

Bok choyOutdoors Mar 31 to May 12, and Aug 15 to Sep 25; Under cover Mar 3 to Jun 9, and Jul 18 to Oct 23

Sow outdoors: Mar 31 to May 12, and Aug 15 to Sep 25
Under cover: Mar 3 to Jun 9, and Jul 18 to Oct 23
First harvest: About 37 days after sowing. Sown on March 31, ready around May 7.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 46°F; bolts in hot weather.

Bok choy across the US, town by town

Herbs

BasilOutdoors Mar 31 to Jun 30, and Jul 28 to Sep 5; Under cover Mar 3 to Oct 3

Sow outdoors: Mar 31 to Jun 30, and Jul 28 to Sep 5
Under cover: Mar 3 to Oct 3
First harvest: About 41 days after sowing. Sown on March 31, ready around May 11.
Warmth: Tender: needs days averaging 46°F or more, and no frost.

Basil across the US, town by town

ParsleyOutdoors Mar 17 to Sep 11; Under cover Feb 17 to Oct 9

Sow outdoors: Mar 17 to Sep 11
Under cover: Feb 17 to Oct 9
First harvest: About 53 days after sowing. Sown on March 17, ready around May 9.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 43°F.

Parsley across the US, town by town

CilantroOutdoors Mar 24 to May 12, and Aug 15 to Sep 24; Under cover Feb 24 to Jun 9, and Jul 18 to Oct 22

Sow outdoors: Mar 24 to May 12, and Aug 15 to Sep 24
Under cover: Feb 24 to Jun 9, and Jul 18 to Oct 22
First harvest: About 39 days after sowing. Sown on March 24, ready around May 2.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 45°F; bolts in hot weather.

Cilantro across the US, town by town

ChivesOutdoors Mar 17 to Jun 2, and Jul 28 to Aug 26; Under cover Feb 17 to Sep 23

Sow outdoors: Mar 17 to Jun 2, and Jul 28 to Aug 26
Under cover: Feb 17 to Sep 23
First harvest: Crops every year once it’s established.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 43°F.

Chives across the US, town by town

MintOutdoors Mar 24 to Oct 14; Under cover Feb 24 to Nov 11

Sow outdoors: Mar 24 to Oct 14
Under cover: Feb 24 to Nov 11
First harvest: Crops every year once it’s established.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 45°F.

Mint across the US, town by town

Fruit

StrawberryOutdoors Mar 17 to May 17, and Jul 28 to Aug 24; Under cover Feb 17 to Jun 14, and Jun 30 to Sep 21

Plant outdoors: Mar 17 to May 17, and Jul 28 to Aug 24
Under cover: Feb 17 to Jun 14, and Jun 30 to Sep 21
First harvest: Crops every year once it’s established.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 43°F.

Strawberry across the US, town by town

RaspberryOutdoors Nov 14 to Dec 9; Under cover Oct 17 to Jan 6

Plant outdoors: Nov 14 to Dec 9
Under cover: Oct 17 to Jan 6
First harvest: Crops every year once it’s established.
Warmth: Hardy: goes in as the weather cools, and grows on through winter.

Raspberry across the US, town by town

RhubarbOutdoors Nov 4 to Dec 5; Under cover Oct 7 to Jan 2

Plant outdoors: Nov 4 to Dec 5
Under cover: Oct 7 to Jan 2
First harvest: Crops every year once it’s established.
Warmth: Hardy: goes in as the weather cools, and grows on through winter.

Rhubarb across the US, town by town

Nearby

Questions about growing in Philadelphia

When is the last frost in Philadelphia?

On average around March 30, and the first autumn frost comes around November 15. In a cold spring a frost can come a week or two late, so tender plants are safest out a week after the date.

Can I grow tomatoes outdoors in Philadelphia?

Yes. Plant them outdoors May 4 to May 29, and Jul 28 to Aug 17, or under cover Apr 6 to Sep 14.

What can I sow in Philadelphia in November?

Outdoors: fava bean, garlic, raspberry, rhubarb. Under cover: mint.

How accurate are these dates?

They’re worked out from 30 years of climate data for this spot, adjusted for its height, so they’re a good guide for a typical year. Check the forecast before planting out anything tender.

Get these dates as reminders

Bia turns this calendar into a nudge when it’s time to sow, plant out and harvest, for your backyard or community garden plot in Philadelphia. Free for 2 months.

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How these dates are worked out: climate records for this spot (ERA5-Land, 1995 to 2024), the local frost dates and the height above sea level turn a seed-packet date into a local one. Contains modified Copernicus Climate Change Service information; towns from GeoNames (CC BY 4.0). How sowing dates work