North Carolina, US

Planting calendar for Raleigh

Last frost around March 14, first frost around November 27: about 258 frost-free days.

Last frost: March 14
First frost: November 27
Frost-free days: 258

Sow now: November

See the whole year

Outdoors

Fava bean
Onion
Garlic
Leek
Brussels sprout
Mint
Rhubarb

The year at a glance

When each crop can be sown in Raleigh. Tap a crop for exact dates and when it’s ready to harvest.

Sow outdoorsSow under cover (indoors, a greenhouse or a cold frame)

When to sow each crop in Raleigh, month by month. Each month says whether you can sow outdoors, under cover, or both.
Crop	JJan	FFeb	MMar	AApr	MMay	JJun	JJul	AAug	SSep	OOct	NNov	DDec
Fruiting
Tomato	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Sow under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow under cover	July: Sow under cover	August: Sow outdoors and under cover	September: Sow under cover	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Chile pepper	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Sow under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow under cover	July: Sow under cover	August: Sow outdoors and under cover	September: Sow under cover	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Bell pepper	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Sow under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow under cover	July: Sow under cover	August: Sow outdoors and under cover	September: Sow under cover	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Eggplant	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Sow under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow under cover	July: Sow under cover	August: Sow outdoors and under cover	September: Sow under cover	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Zucchini	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Sow under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow under cover	July: Sow under cover	August: Sow outdoors and under cover	September: Sow outdoors and under cover	October: Sow under cover	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Cucumber	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Sow under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow under cover	July: Sow under cover	August: Sow outdoors and under cover	September: Sow outdoors and under cover	October: Sow under cover	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Winter squash	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Sow under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow under cover	July: Sow under cover	August: Sow outdoors and under cover	September: Sow under cover	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Sweet corn	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Sow under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow under cover	July: Sow under cover	August: Sow outdoors and under cover	September: Sow under cover	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Roots
Carrot	January: Sow under cover	February: Sow outdoors and under cover	March: Sow outdoors and under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow under cover	July: Sow under cover	August: Sow outdoors and under cover	September: Sow under cover	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Beet	January: Sow under cover	February: Sow outdoors and under cover	March: Sow outdoors and under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow outdoors and under cover	July: Sow under cover	August: Sow outdoors and under cover	September: Sow outdoors and under cover	October: Sow under cover	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Parsnip	January: Sow under cover	February: Sow outdoors and under cover	March: Sow outdoors and under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow under cover	June: Not this month	July: Sow under cover	August: Sow outdoors and under cover	September: Sow under cover	October: Not this month	November: Sow under cover	December: Sow outdoors and under cover
Radish	January: Sow under cover	February: Sow outdoors and under cover	March: Sow outdoors and under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow under cover	June: Not this month	July: Sow under cover	August: Sow outdoors and under cover	September: Sow outdoors and under cover	October: Sow outdoors and under cover	November: Sow under cover	December: Not this month
Potato	January: Plant under cover	February: Plant outdoors and under cover	March: Plant outdoors and under cover	April: Plant under cover	May: Not this month	June: Not this month	July: Plant under cover	August: Plant outdoors and under cover	September: Plant under cover	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Turnip	January: Sow under cover	February: Sow outdoors and under cover	March: Sow outdoors and under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Not this month	July: Sow under cover	August: Sow outdoors and under cover	September: Sow outdoors and under cover	October: Sow under cover	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Leaves
Lettuce	January: Sow under cover	February: Sow outdoors and under cover	March: Sow outdoors and under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow under cover	June: Not this month	July: Not this month	August: Sow under cover	September: Sow outdoors and under cover	October: Sow under cover	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Spinach	January: Sow under cover	February: Sow outdoors and under cover	March: Sow outdoors and under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow under cover	June: Not this month	July: Not this month	August: Sow under cover	September: Sow outdoors and under cover	October: Sow outdoors and under cover	November: Sow under cover	December: Not this month
Swiss chard	January: Sow under cover	February: Sow outdoors and under cover	March: Sow outdoors and under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow outdoors and under cover	July: Sow outdoors and under cover	August: Sow outdoors and under cover	September: Sow outdoors and under cover	October: Sow under cover	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Arugula	January: Sow under cover	February: Sow outdoors and under cover	March: Sow outdoors and under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow under cover	June: Not this month	July: Not this month	August: Sow under cover	September: Sow outdoors and under cover	October: Sow outdoors and under cover	November: Sow under cover	December: Not this month
Celery	January: Sow outdoors and under cover	February: Sow outdoors and under cover	March: Sow outdoors and under cover	April: Sow under cover	May: Not this month	June: Not this month	July: Sow under cover	August: Sow outdoors and under cover	September: Sow under cover	October: Not this month	November: Sow under cover	December: Sow outdoors and under cover
Beans and peas
Runner bean	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Sow under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow under cover	July: Sow under cover	August: Sow outdoors and under cover	September: Sow under cover	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Green bean	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Sow under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow outdoors and under cover	July: Sow under cover	August: Sow outdoors and under cover	September: Sow outdoors and under cover	October: Sow under cover	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Fava bean	January: Sow under cover	February: Not this month	March: Not this month	April: Not this month	May: Not this month	June: Not this month	July: Not this month	August: Not this month	September: Not this month	October: Sow under cover	November: Sow outdoors and under cover	December: Sow outdoors and under cover
Pea	January: Sow under cover	February: Sow outdoors and under cover	March: Sow outdoors and under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow under cover	June: Not this month	July: Sow under cover	August: Sow outdoors and under cover	September: Sow outdoors and under cover	October: Sow under cover	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Onion family
Onion	January: Plant under cover	February: Plant outdoors and under cover	March: Plant outdoors and under cover	April: Plant under cover	May: Not this month	June: Not this month	July: Plant under cover	August: Plant outdoors and under cover	September: Plant under cover	October: Not this month	November: Plant outdoors and under cover	December: Plant outdoors and under cover
Garlic	January: Plant under cover	February: Not this month	March: Not this month	April: Not this month	May: Not this month	June: Not this month	July: Not this month	August: Not this month	September: Not this month	October: Plant under cover	November: Plant outdoors and under cover	December: Plant outdoors and under cover
Leek	January: Sow under cover	February: Sow outdoors and under cover	March: Sow outdoors and under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow under cover	July: Sow under cover	August: Sow outdoors and under cover	September: Sow outdoors and under cover	October: Sow outdoors and under cover	November: Sow outdoors and under cover	December: Sow outdoors and under cover
Scallion	January: Sow under cover	February: Sow outdoors and under cover	March: Sow outdoors and under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow outdoors and under cover	July: Sow outdoors and under cover	August: Sow outdoors and under cover	September: Sow outdoors and under cover	October: Sow outdoors and under cover	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Shallot	January: Plant outdoors and under cover	February: Plant outdoors and under cover	March: Plant outdoors and under cover	April: Plant under cover	May: Not this month	June: Not this month	July: Plant under cover	August: Plant outdoors and under cover	September: Plant under cover	October: Not this month	November: Plant under cover	December: Plant outdoors and under cover
Brassicas
Cabbage	January: Sow under cover	February: Sow outdoors and under cover	March: Sow outdoors and under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow under cover	July: Sow under cover	August: Sow outdoors and under cover	September: Sow under cover	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Broccoli	January: Sow under cover	February: Sow outdoors and under cover	March: Sow outdoors and under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow under cover	July: Sow under cover	August: Sow outdoors and under cover	September: Sow under cover	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Cauliflower	January: Sow under cover	February: Sow outdoors and under cover	March: Sow outdoors and under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow under cover	June: Not this month	July: Not this month	August: Not this month	September: Not this month	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Brussels sprout	January: Sow under cover	February: Sow outdoors and under cover	March: Sow outdoors and under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow under cover	June: Not this month	July: Sow under cover	August: Sow outdoors and under cover	September: Sow outdoors and under cover	October: Sow outdoors and under cover	November: Sow outdoors and under cover	December: Sow outdoors and under cover
Kale	January: Sow under cover	February: Sow outdoors and under cover	March: Sow outdoors and under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow outdoors and under cover	July: Sow under cover	August: Sow outdoors and under cover	September: Sow outdoors and under cover	October: Sow under cover	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Bok choy	January: Not this month	February: Sow under cover	March: Sow outdoors and under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow under cover	June: Not this month	July: Not this month	August: Sow under cover	September: Sow outdoors and under cover	October: Sow outdoors and under cover	November: Sow under cover	December: Not this month
Herbs
Basil	January: Not this month	February: Sow under cover	March: Sow outdoors and under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow outdoors and under cover	July: Sow under cover	August: Sow outdoors and under cover	September: Sow outdoors and under cover	October: Sow under cover	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Parsley	January: Sow under cover	February: Sow outdoors and under cover	March: Sow outdoors and under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow outdoors and under cover	July: Sow outdoors and under cover	August: Sow outdoors and under cover	September: Sow outdoors and under cover	October: Sow under cover	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Cilantro	January: Sow under cover	February: Sow outdoors and under cover	March: Sow outdoors and under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow under cover	June: Not this month	July: Not this month	August: Sow under cover	September: Sow outdoors and under cover	October: Sow outdoors and under cover	November: Sow under cover	December: Not this month
Chives	January: Sow under cover	February: Sow outdoors and under cover	March: Sow outdoors and under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow under cover	June: Not this month	July: Sow under cover	August: Sow outdoors and under cover	September: Sow outdoors and under cover	October: Sow under cover	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Mint	January: Sow under cover	February: Sow outdoors and under cover	March: Sow outdoors and under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow outdoors and under cover	July: Sow outdoors and under cover	August: Sow outdoors and under cover	September: Sow outdoors and under cover	October: Sow outdoors and under cover	November: Sow outdoors and under cover	December: Sow under cover
Fruit
Strawberry	January: Plant under cover	February: Plant outdoors and under cover	March: Plant outdoors and under cover	April: Plant outdoors and under cover	May: Plant under cover	June: Not this month	July: Plant under cover	August: Plant outdoors and under cover	September: Plant outdoors and under cover	October: Plant under cover	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Raspberry	January: Plant outdoors and under cover	February: Plant under cover	March: Not this month	April: Not this month	May: Not this month	June: Not this month	July: Not this month	August: Not this month	September: Not this month	October: Not this month	November: Plant under cover	December: Plant outdoors and under cover
Rhubarb	January: Plant outdoors and under cover	February: Plant under cover	March: Not this month	April: Not this month	May: Not this month	June: Not this month	July: Not this month	August: Not this month	September: Not this month	October: Plant under cover	November: Plant outdoors and under cover	December: Plant outdoors and under cover

Fruit rows show when to plant, not sow.

Crop by crop

Fruiting

TomatoOutdoors Apr 18 to May 13, and Jul 26 to Aug 29; Under cover Mar 21 to Jun 10, and Jun 28 to Sep 26

Sow outdoors: Apr 18 to May 13, and Jul 26 to Aug 29
Under cover: Mar 21 to Jun 10, and Jun 28 to Sep 26
First harvest: About 66 days after sowing. Sown on April 18, ready around June 23.
Warmth: Tender: needs days averaging 54°F or more, and no frost.

Tomato across the US, town by town

Chile pepperOutdoors Apr 17 to May 13, and Jul 26 to Aug 27; Under cover Mar 20 to Jun 10, and Jun 28 to Sep 24

Sow outdoors: Apr 17 to May 13, and Jul 26 to Aug 27
Under cover: Mar 20 to Jun 10, and Jun 28 to Sep 24
First harvest: About 84 days after sowing. Sown on April 17, ready around July 10.
Warmth: Tender: needs days averaging 54°F or more, and no frost.

Chile pepper across the US, town by town

Bell pepperOutdoors Apr 22 to May 18, and Jul 26 to Aug 29; Under cover Mar 25 to Jun 15, and Jun 28 to Sep 26

Sow outdoors: Apr 22 to May 18, and Jul 26 to Aug 29
Under cover: Mar 25 to Jun 15, and Jun 28 to Sep 26
First harvest: About 78 days after sowing. Sown on April 22, ready around July 9.
Warmth: Tender: needs days averaging 54°F or more, and no frost.

Bell pepper across the US, town by town

EggplantOutdoors Apr 22 to May 13, and Jul 26 to Aug 27; Under cover Mar 25 to Jun 10, and Jun 28 to Sep 24

Sow outdoors: Apr 22 to May 13, and Jul 26 to Aug 27
Under cover: Mar 25 to Jun 10, and Jun 28 to Sep 24
First harvest: About 90 days after sowing. Sown on April 22, ready around July 21.
Warmth: Tender: needs days averaging 54°F or more, and no frost.

Eggplant across the US, town by town

ZucchiniOutdoors Apr 17 to May 28, and Jul 26 to Sep 16; Under cover Mar 20 to Oct 14

Sow outdoors: Apr 17 to May 28, and Jul 26 to Sep 16
Under cover: Mar 20 to Oct 14
First harvest: About 42 days after sowing. Sown on April 17, ready around May 29.
Warmth: Tender: needs days averaging 54°F or more, and no frost.

Zucchini across the US, town by town

CucumberOutdoors Apr 17 to May 28, and Jul 26 to Sep 11; Under cover Mar 20 to Oct 9

Sow outdoors: Apr 17 to May 28, and Jul 26 to Sep 11
Under cover: Mar 20 to Oct 9
First harvest: About 45 days after sowing. Sown on April 17, ready around June 1.
Warmth: Tender: needs days averaging 54°F or more, and no frost.

Cucumber across the US, town by town

Winter squashOutdoors Apr 17 to May 18, and Jul 26 to Aug 30; Under cover Mar 20 to Jun 15, and Jun 28 to Sep 27

Sow outdoors: Apr 17 to May 18, and Jul 26 to Aug 30
Under cover: Mar 20 to Jun 15, and Jun 28 to Sep 27
First harvest: About 66 days after sowing. Sown on April 17, ready around June 22.
Warmth: Tender: needs days averaging 54°F or more, and no frost.

Winter squash across the US, town by town

Sweet cornOutdoors Apr 12 to May 18, and Jul 26 to Aug 31; Under cover Mar 15 to Jun 15, and Jun 28 to Sep 28

Sow outdoors: Apr 12 to May 18, and Jul 26 to Aug 31
Under cover: Mar 15 to Jun 15, and Jun 28 to Sep 28
First harvest: About 60 days after sowing. Sown on April 12, ready around June 11.
Warmth: Tender: needs days averaging 52°F or more, and no frost.

Sweet corn across the US, town by town

Roots

CarrotOutdoors Feb 22 to Jun 2, and Jul 26 to Sep 3; Under cover Jan 25 to Oct 1

Sow outdoors: Feb 22 to Jun 2, and Jul 26 to Sep 3
Under cover: Jan 25 to Oct 1
First harvest: About 85 days after sowing. Sown on February 22, ready around May 18.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 45°F.

Carrot across the US, town by town

BeetOutdoors Feb 22 to Jun 7, and Jul 26 to Sep 16; Under cover Jan 25 to Oct 14

Sow outdoors: Feb 22 to Jun 7, and Jul 26 to Sep 16
Under cover: Jan 25 to Oct 14
First harvest: About 62 days after sowing. Sown on February 22, ready around April 25.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 45°F.

Beet across the US, town by town

ParsnipOutdoors Feb 9 to Apr 27, and Jul 26 to Aug 19, and Dec 10 to Dec 21; Under cover Jan 7 to May 25, and Jun 28 to Sep 16, and Nov 12 to Nov 23, and Dec 10 to Dec 21

Sow outdoors: Feb 9 to Apr 27, and Jul 26 to Aug 19, and Dec 10 to Dec 21
Under cover: Jan 7 to May 25, and Jun 28 to Sep 16, and Nov 12 to Nov 23, and Dec 10 to Dec 21
First harvest: About 109 days after sowing. Sown on February 9, ready around May 29.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 43°F.

Parsnip across the US, town by town

RadishOutdoors Feb 9 to May 1, and Aug 20 to Oct 24; Under cover Jan 12 to May 29, and Jul 23 to Nov 21

Sow outdoors: Feb 9 to May 1, and Aug 20 to Oct 24
Under cover: Jan 12 to May 29, and Jul 23 to Nov 21
First harvest: About 27 days after sowing. Sown on February 9, ready around March 8.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 43°F; bolts in hot weather.

Radish across the US, town by town

PotatoOutdoors Feb 9 to Apr 6, and Jul 26 to Sep 4; Under cover Jan 12 to May 4, and Jun 28 to Oct 2

Plant outdoors: Feb 9 to Apr 6, and Jul 26 to Sep 4
Under cover: Jan 12 to May 4, and Jun 28 to Oct 2
First harvest: About 87 days after planting. Planted on February 9, ready around May 7.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 43°F.

Potato across the US, town by town

TurnipOutdoors Feb 9 to May 9, and Aug 13 to Sep 28; Under cover Jan 12 to Jun 6, and Jul 16 to Oct 26

Sow outdoors: Feb 9 to May 9, and Aug 13 to Sep 28
Under cover: Jan 12 to Jun 6, and Jul 16 to Oct 26
First harvest: About 55 days after sowing. Sown on February 9, ready around April 5.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 43°F.

Turnip across the US, town by town

Leaves

LettuceOutdoors Feb 13 to Apr 23, and Aug 27 to Sep 24; Under cover Jan 16 to May 21, and Jul 30 to Oct 22

Sow outdoors: Feb 13 to Apr 23, and Aug 27 to Sep 24
Under cover: Jan 16 to May 21, and Jul 30 to Oct 22
First harvest: About 62 days after sowing. Sown on February 13, ready around April 16.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 43°F; bolts in hot weather.

Lettuce across the US, town by town

SpinachOutdoors Feb 9 to Apr 23, and Aug 27 to Oct 21; Under cover Jan 12 to May 21, and Jul 30 to Nov 18

Sow outdoors: Feb 9 to Apr 23, and Aug 27 to Oct 21
Under cover: Jan 12 to May 21, and Jul 30 to Nov 18
First harvest: About 42 days after sowing. Sown on February 9, ready around March 23.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 43°F; bolts in hot weather.

Spinach across the US, town by town

Swiss chardOutdoors Feb 22 to Sep 28; Under cover Jan 25 to Oct 26

Sow outdoors: Feb 22 to Sep 28
Under cover: Jan 25 to Oct 26
First harvest: About 54 days after sowing. Sown on February 22, ready around April 17.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 45°F.

Swiss chard across the US, town by town

ArugulaOutdoors Feb 9 to Apr 23, and Aug 27 to Oct 22; Under cover Jan 12 to May 21, and Jul 30 to Nov 19

Sow outdoors: Feb 9 to Apr 23, and Aug 27 to Oct 22
Under cover: Jan 12 to May 21, and Jul 30 to Nov 19
First harvest: About 38 days after sowing. Sown on February 9, ready around March 19.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 43°F; bolts in hot weather.

Arugula across the US, town by town

CeleryOutdoors Jan 27 to Mar 28, and Jul 26 to Aug 23, and Dec 5 to Jan 3; Under cover Jun 28 to Sep 20, and Nov 7 to Apr 25

Sow outdoors: Jan 27 to Mar 28, and Jul 26 to Aug 23, and Dec 5 to Jan 3
Under cover: Jun 28 to Sep 20, and Nov 7 to Apr 25
First harvest: About 113 days after sowing. Sown on January 27, ready around May 20.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 41°F.

Celery across the US, town by town

Beans and peas

Runner beanOutdoors Apr 12 to May 28, and Jul 26 to Sep 4; Under cover Mar 15 to Oct 2

Sow outdoors: Apr 12 to May 28, and Jul 26 to Sep 4
Under cover: Mar 15 to Oct 2
First harvest: About 56 days after sowing. Sown on April 12, ready around June 7.
Warmth: Tender: needs days averaging 52°F or more, and no frost.

Runner bean across the US, town by town

Green beanOutdoors Apr 12 to Jun 12, and Jul 26 to Sep 13; Under cover Mar 15 to Oct 11

Sow outdoors: Apr 12 to Jun 12, and Jul 26 to Sep 13
Under cover: Mar 15 to Oct 11
First harvest: About 49 days after sowing. Sown on April 12, ready around May 31.
Warmth: Tender: needs days averaging 52°F or more, and no frost.

Green bean across the US, town by town

Fava beanOutdoors Nov 6 to Dec 12; Under cover Oct 9 to Jan 9

Sow outdoors: Nov 6 to Dec 12
Under cover: Oct 9 to Jan 9
First harvest: About 220 days after sowing. Sown on November 6, ready around June 14.
Warmth: Hardy: goes in as the weather cools, and grows on through winter.

Fava bean across the US, town by town

PeaOutdoors Feb 9 to May 1, and Aug 20 to Sep 9; Under cover Jan 12 to May 29, and Jul 23 to Oct 7

Sow outdoors: Feb 9 to May 1, and Aug 20 to Sep 9
Under cover: Jan 12 to May 29, and Jul 23 to Oct 7
First harvest: About 71 days after sowing. Sown on February 9, ready around April 21.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 43°F; bolts in hot weather.

Pea across the US, town by town

Onion family

OnionOutdoors Feb 5 to Mar 28, and Jul 26 to Aug 21, and Nov 23 to Dec 25; Under cover Jun 28 to Sep 18, and Oct 26 to Apr 25

Plant outdoors: Feb 5 to Mar 28, and Jul 26 to Aug 21, and Nov 23 to Dec 25
Under cover: Jun 28 to Sep 18, and Oct 26 to Apr 25
First harvest: About 117 days after planting. Planted on February 5, ready around June 2.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 43°F.

Onion across the US, town by town

GarlicOutdoors Nov 6 to Dec 21; Under cover Oct 9 to Jan 18

Plant outdoors: Nov 6 to Dec 21
Under cover: Oct 9 to Jan 18
First harvest: About 250 days after planting. Planted on November 6, ready around July 14.
Warmth: Hardy: goes in as the weather cools, and grows on through winter.

Garlic across the US, town by town

LeekOutdoors Feb 9 to May 27, and Jul 26 to Dec 21; Under cover all year

Sow outdoors: Feb 9 to May 27, and Jul 26 to Dec 21
Under cover: all year
First harvest: About 121 days after sowing. Sown on February 9, ready around June 10.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 43°F.

Leek across the US, town by town

ScallionOutdoors Jan 27 to Oct 9; Under cover Dec 30 to Nov 6

Sow outdoors: Jan 27 to Oct 9
Under cover: Dec 30 to Nov 6
First harvest: About 66 days after sowing. Sown on January 27, ready around April 3.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 41°F.

Scallion across the US, town by town

ShallotOutdoors Jul 26 to Aug 23, and Dec 5 to Mar 30; Under cover Jun 28 to Sep 20, and Nov 7 to Apr 27

Plant outdoors: Jul 26 to Aug 23, and Dec 5 to Mar 30
Under cover: Jun 28 to Sep 20, and Nov 7 to Apr 27
First harvest: About 78 days after planting. Planted on July 26, ready around October 12.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 41°F.

Shallot across the US, town by town

Brassicas

CabbageOutdoors Feb 9 to May 30, and Jul 26 to Sep 4; Under cover Jan 12 to Oct 2

Sow outdoors: Feb 9 to May 30, and Jul 26 to Sep 4
Under cover: Jan 12 to Oct 2
First harvest: About 94 days after sowing. Sown on February 9, ready around May 14.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 43°F.

Cabbage across the US, town by town

BroccoliOutdoors Feb 22 to May 23, and Jul 26 to Sep 4; Under cover Jan 25 to Oct 2

Sow outdoors: Feb 22 to May 23, and Jul 26 to Sep 4
Under cover: Jan 25 to Oct 2
First harvest: About 78 days after sowing. Sown on February 22, ready around May 11.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 45°F.

Broccoli across the US, town by town

CauliflowerOutdoors Feb 9 to May 1; Under cover Jan 12 to May 29

Sow outdoors: Feb 9 to May 1
Under cover: Jan 12 to May 29
First harvest: About 102 days after sowing. Sown on February 9, ready around May 22.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 43°F; bolts in hot weather.

Cauliflower across the US, town by town

Brussels sproutOutdoors Feb 9 to Apr 11, and Jul 26 to Dec 21; Under cover Jun 28 to May 9

Sow outdoors: Feb 9 to Apr 11, and Jul 26 to Dec 21
Under cover: Jun 28 to May 9
First harvest: About 136 days after sowing. Sown on February 9, ready around June 25.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 43°F.

Brussels sprout across the US, town by town

KaleOutdoors Feb 22 to Jun 7, and Jul 26 to Sep 12; Under cover Jan 25 to Oct 10

Sow outdoors: Feb 22 to Jun 7, and Jul 26 to Sep 12
Under cover: Jan 25 to Oct 10
First harvest: About 70 days after sowing. Sown on February 22, ready around May 3.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 45°F.

Kale across the US, town by town

Bok choyOutdoors Mar 3 to Apr 23, and Aug 27 to Oct 11; Under cover Feb 3 to May 21, and Jul 30 to Nov 8

Sow outdoors: Mar 3 to Apr 23, and Aug 27 to Oct 11
Under cover: Feb 3 to May 21, and Jul 30 to Nov 8
First harvest: About 41 days after sowing. Sown on March 3, ready around April 13.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 46°F; bolts in hot weather.

Bok choy across the US, town by town

Herbs

BasilOutdoors Mar 14 to Jun 13, and Jul 26 to Sep 17; Under cover Feb 14 to Oct 15

Sow outdoors: Mar 14 to Jun 13, and Jul 26 to Sep 17
Under cover: Feb 14 to Oct 15
First harvest: About 49 days after sowing. Sown on March 14, ready around May 2.
Warmth: Tender: needs days averaging 46°F or more, and no frost.

Basil across the US, town by town

ParsleyOutdoors Feb 9 to Sep 27; Under cover Jan 12 to Oct 25

Sow outdoors: Feb 9 to Sep 27
Under cover: Jan 12 to Oct 25
First harvest: About 67 days after sowing. Sown on February 9, ready around April 17.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 43°F.

Parsley across the US, town by town

CilantroOutdoors Feb 22 to Apr 23, and Aug 27 to Oct 10; Under cover Jan 25 to May 21, and Jul 30 to Nov 7

Sow outdoors: Feb 22 to Apr 23, and Aug 27 to Oct 10
Under cover: Jan 25 to May 21, and Jul 30 to Nov 7
First harvest: About 46 days after sowing. Sown on February 22, ready around April 9.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 45°F; bolts in hot weather.

Cilantro across the US, town by town

ChivesOutdoors Feb 9 to Apr 27, and Jul 26 to Sep 11; Under cover Jan 12 to May 25, and Jun 28 to Oct 9

Sow outdoors: Feb 9 to Apr 27, and Jul 26 to Sep 11
Under cover: Jan 12 to May 25, and Jun 28 to Oct 9
First harvest: Crops every year once it’s established.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 43°F.

Chives across the US, town by town

MintOutdoors Feb 22 to Nov 9; Under cover Jan 25 to Dec 7

Sow outdoors: Feb 22 to Nov 9
Under cover: Jan 25 to Dec 7
First harvest: Crops every year once it’s established.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 45°F.

Mint across the US, town by town

Fruit

StrawberryOutdoors Feb 9 to Apr 11, and Jul 26 to Sep 9; Under cover Jan 12 to May 9, and Jun 28 to Oct 7

Plant outdoors: Feb 9 to Apr 11, and Jul 26 to Sep 9
Under cover: Jan 12 to May 9, and Jun 28 to Oct 7
First harvest: Crops every year once it’s established.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 43°F.

Strawberry across the US, town by town

RaspberryOutdoors Nov 28 to Jan 14; Under cover Oct 31 to Feb 11

Plant outdoors: Nov 28 to Jan 14
Under cover: Oct 31 to Feb 11
First harvest: Crops every year once it’s established.
Warmth: Hardy: goes in as the weather cools, and grows on through winter.

Raspberry across the US, town by town

RhubarbOutdoors Nov 15 to Jan 10; Under cover Oct 18 to Feb 7

Plant outdoors: Nov 15 to Jan 10
Under cover: Oct 18 to Feb 7
First harvest: Crops every year once it’s established.
Warmth: Hardy: goes in as the weather cools, and grows on through winter.

Rhubarb across the US, town by town

Nearby

Questions about growing in Raleigh

When is the last frost in Raleigh?

On average around March 14, and the first autumn frost comes around November 27. In a cold spring a frost can come a week or two late, so tender plants are safest out a week after the date.

Can I grow tomatoes outdoors in Raleigh?

Yes. Plant them outdoors Apr 18 to May 13, and Jul 26 to Aug 29, or under cover Mar 21 to Jun 10, and Jun 28 to Sep 26.

What can I sow in Raleigh in November?

Outdoors: fava bean, onion, garlic, leek, Brussels sprout, mint, rhubarb. Under cover: parsnip, radish, spinach, arugula, celery, shallot, bok choy, cilantro, raspberry.

How accurate are these dates?

They’re worked out from 30 years of climate data for this spot, adjusted for its height, so they’re a good guide for a typical year. Check the forecast before planting out anything tender.

Get these dates as reminders

Bia turns this calendar into a nudge when it’s time to sow, plant out and harvest, for your backyard or community garden plot in Raleigh. Free for 2 months.

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How these dates are worked out: climate records for this spot (ERA5-Land, 1995 to 2024), the local frost dates and the height above sea level turn a seed-packet date into a local one. Contains modified Copernicus Climate Change Service information; towns from GeoNames (CC BY 4.0). How sowing dates work