Oregon, US

Planting calendar for Salem

Last frost around March 30, first frost around November 20: about 235 frost-free days.

Last frost: March 30
First frost: November 20
Frost-free days: 235

Sow now: November

See the whole year

Outdoors

Fava bean
Garlic
Raspberry
Rhubarb

Under cover

Nothing this month.

The year at a glance

When each crop can be sown in Salem. Tap a crop for exact dates and when it’s ready to harvest.

Sow outdoorsSow under cover (indoors, a greenhouse or a cold frame)

When to sow each crop in Salem, month by month. Each month says whether you can sow outdoors, under cover, or both.
Crop	JJan	FFeb	MMar	AApr	MMay	JJun	JJul	AAug	SSep	OOct	NNov	DDec
Fruiting
Tomato	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Not this month	April: Sow under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow under cover	July: Not this month	August: Not this month	September: Not this month	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Chile pepper	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Not this month	April: Sow under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow under cover	July: Not this month	August: Not this month	September: Not this month	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Bell pepper	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Not this month	April: Sow under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow outdoors and under cover	July: Sow under cover	August: Not this month	September: Not this month	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Eggplant	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Not this month	April: Sow under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow under cover	July: Not this month	August: Not this month	September: Not this month	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Zucchini	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Not this month	April: Sow under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow outdoors and under cover	July: Sow under cover	August: Sow outdoors and under cover	September: Sow under cover	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Cucumber	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Not this month	April: Sow under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow outdoors and under cover	July: Sow under cover	August: Sow outdoors and under cover	September: Sow under cover	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Winter squash	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Not this month	April: Sow under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow outdoors and under cover	July: Sow under cover	August: Not this month	September: Not this month	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Sweet corn	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Not this month	April: Sow under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow outdoors and under cover	July: Sow under cover	August: Not this month	September: Not this month	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Roots
Carrot	January: Not this month	February: Sow under cover	March: Sow outdoors and under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow outdoors and under cover	July: Sow under cover	August: Not this month	September: Not this month	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Beet	January: Not this month	February: Sow under cover	March: Sow outdoors and under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow outdoors and under cover	July: Sow under cover	August: Sow outdoors and under cover	September: Sow under cover	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Parsnip	January: Sow under cover	February: Sow outdoors and under cover	March: Sow outdoors and under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow under cover	July: Not this month	August: Not this month	September: Not this month	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Radish	January: Sow under cover	February: Sow outdoors and under cover	March: Sow outdoors and under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow outdoors and under cover	July: Sow outdoors and under cover	August: Sow outdoors and under cover	September: Sow outdoors and under cover	October: Sow under cover	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Potato	January: Plant under cover	February: Plant outdoors and under cover	March: Plant outdoors and under cover	April: Plant outdoors and under cover	May: Plant under cover	June: Not this month	July: Not this month	August: Not this month	September: Not this month	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Turnip	January: Sow under cover	February: Sow outdoors and under cover	March: Sow outdoors and under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow outdoors and under cover	July: Sow outdoors and under cover	August: Sow outdoors and under cover	September: Sow under cover	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Leaves
Lettuce	January: Not this month	February: Sow under cover	March: Sow outdoors and under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow outdoors and under cover	July: Sow outdoors and under cover	August: Sow outdoors and under cover	September: Sow under cover	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Spinach	January: Sow under cover	February: Sow outdoors and under cover	March: Sow outdoors and under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow outdoors and under cover	July: Sow outdoors and under cover	August: Sow outdoors and under cover	September: Sow outdoors and under cover	October: Sow under cover	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Swiss chard	January: Not this month	February: Sow under cover	March: Sow outdoors and under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow outdoors and under cover	July: Sow outdoors and under cover	August: Sow outdoors and under cover	September: Sow under cover	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Arugula	January: Sow under cover	February: Sow outdoors and under cover	March: Sow outdoors and under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow outdoors and under cover	July: Sow outdoors and under cover	August: Sow outdoors and under cover	September: Sow outdoors and under cover	October: Sow under cover	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Celery	January: Sow under cover	February: Sow outdoors and under cover	March: Sow outdoors and under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow under cover	June: Not this month	July: Not this month	August: Not this month	September: Not this month	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Beans and peas
Runner bean	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Not this month	April: Sow under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow outdoors and under cover	July: Sow under cover	August: Not this month	September: Not this month	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Green bean	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Not this month	April: Sow under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow outdoors and under cover	July: Sow under cover	August: Sow outdoors and under cover	September: Sow under cover	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Fava bean	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Not this month	April: Not this month	May: Not this month	June: Not this month	July: Not this month	August: Not this month	September: Sow under cover	October: Sow outdoors and under cover	November: Sow outdoors and under cover	December: Sow under cover
Pea	January: Sow under cover	February: Sow outdoors and under cover	March: Sow outdoors and under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow under cover	July: Sow under cover	August: Sow outdoors and under cover	September: Sow under cover	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Onion family
Onion	January: Plant under cover	February: Plant outdoors and under cover	March: Plant outdoors and under cover	April: Plant outdoors and under cover	May: Plant under cover	June: Not this month	July: Not this month	August: Not this month	September: Not this month	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Garlic	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Not this month	April: Not this month	May: Not this month	June: Not this month	July: Not this month	August: Not this month	September: Plant under cover	October: Plant outdoors and under cover	November: Plant outdoors and under cover	December: Plant under cover
Leek	January: Sow under cover	February: Sow outdoors and under cover	March: Sow outdoors and under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow outdoors and under cover	July: Not this month	August: Not this month	September: Not this month	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Scallion	January: Sow under cover	February: Sow outdoors and under cover	March: Sow outdoors and under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow outdoors and under cover	July: Sow outdoors and under cover	August: Sow outdoors and under cover	September: Sow outdoors and under cover	October: Sow under cover	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Shallot	January: Plant outdoors and under cover	February: Plant outdoors and under cover	March: Plant outdoors and under cover	April: Plant outdoors and under cover	May: Plant under cover	June: Not this month	July: Not this month	August: Not this month	September: Not this month	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Plant under cover
Brassicas
Cabbage	January: Sow under cover	February: Sow outdoors and under cover	March: Sow outdoors and under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow outdoors and under cover	July: Sow under cover	August: Not this month	September: Not this month	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Broccoli	January: Not this month	February: Sow under cover	March: Sow outdoors and under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow outdoors and under cover	July: Sow under cover	August: Not this month	September: Not this month	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Cauliflower	January: Sow under cover	February: Sow outdoors and under cover	March: Sow outdoors and under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow under cover	July: Not this month	August: Not this month	September: Not this month	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Brussels sprout	January: Sow under cover	February: Sow outdoors and under cover	March: Sow outdoors and under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow under cover	June: Not this month	July: Not this month	August: Not this month	September: Not this month	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Kale	January: Not this month	February: Sow under cover	March: Sow outdoors and under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow outdoors and under cover	July: Sow under cover	August: Sow outdoors and under cover	September: Sow under cover	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Bok choy	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Sow under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow outdoors and under cover	July: Sow outdoors and under cover	August: Sow outdoors and under cover	September: Sow outdoors and under cover	October: Sow under cover	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Herbs
Basil	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Sow under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow outdoors and under cover	July: Sow under cover	August: Sow outdoors and under cover	September: Sow under cover	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Parsley	January: Sow under cover	February: Sow outdoors and under cover	March: Sow outdoors and under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow outdoors and under cover	July: Sow outdoors and under cover	August: Sow outdoors and under cover	September: Sow under cover	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Cilantro	January: Not this month	February: Sow under cover	March: Sow outdoors and under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow outdoors and under cover	July: Sow outdoors and under cover	August: Sow outdoors and under cover	September: Sow outdoors and under cover	October: Sow under cover	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Chives	January: Sow under cover	February: Sow outdoors and under cover	March: Sow outdoors and under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow under cover	July: Sow under cover	August: Sow outdoors and under cover	September: Sow under cover	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Mint	January: Not this month	February: Sow under cover	March: Sow outdoors and under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow outdoors and under cover	July: Sow outdoors and under cover	August: Sow outdoors and under cover	September: Sow outdoors and under cover	October: Sow outdoors and under cover	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Fruit
Strawberry	January: Plant under cover	February: Plant outdoors and under cover	March: Plant outdoors and under cover	April: Plant outdoors and under cover	May: Plant under cover	June: Not this month	July: Plant under cover	August: Plant outdoors and under cover	September: Plant under cover	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Raspberry	January: Plant under cover	February: Not this month	March: Not this month	April: Not this month	May: Not this month	June: Not this month	July: Not this month	August: Not this month	September: Not this month	October: Plant under cover	November: Plant outdoors and under cover	December: Plant outdoors and under cover
Rhubarb	January: Plant under cover	February: Not this month	March: Not this month	April: Not this month	May: Not this month	June: Not this month	July: Not this month	August: Not this month	September: Not this month	October: Plant outdoors and under cover	November: Plant outdoors and under cover	December: Plant outdoors and under cover

Fruit rows show when to plant, not sow.

Crop by crop

Fruiting

TomatoOutdoors May 12 to Jun 6; Under cover Apr 14 to Jul 4

Sow outdoors: May 12 to Jun 6
Under cover: Apr 14 to Jul 4
First harvest: About 82 days after sowing. Sown on May 12, ready around August 2.
Warmth: Tender: needs days averaging 54°F or more, and no frost.

Tomato across the US, town by town

Chile pepperOutdoors May 11 to Jun 6; Under cover Apr 13 to Jul 4

Sow outdoors: May 11 to Jun 6
Under cover: Apr 13 to Jul 4
First harvest: About 90 days after sowing. Sown on May 11, ready around August 9.
Warmth: Tender: needs days averaging 54°F or more, and no frost.

Chile pepper across the US, town by town

Bell pepperOutdoors May 15 to Jun 10; Under cover Apr 17 to Jul 8

Sow outdoors: May 15 to Jun 10
Under cover: Apr 17 to Jul 8
First harvest: About 85 days after sowing. Sown on May 15, ready around August 8.
Warmth: Tender: needs days averaging 54°F or more, and no frost.

Bell pepper across the US, town by town

EggplantOutdoors May 15 to Jun 5; Under cover Apr 17 to Jul 3

Sow outdoors: May 15 to Jun 5
Under cover: Apr 17 to Jul 3
First harvest: About 90 days after sowing. Sown on May 15, ready around August 13.
Warmth: Tender: needs days averaging 54°F or more, and no frost.

Eggplant across the US, town by town

ZucchiniOutdoors May 11 to Jun 21, and Aug 6 to Aug 20; Under cover Apr 13 to Jul 23, and Aug 6 to Aug 20, and Sep 3 to Sep 17

Sow outdoors: May 11 to Jun 21, and Aug 6 to Aug 20
Under cover: Apr 13 to Jul 23, and Aug 6 to Aug 20, and Sep 3 to Sep 17
First harvest: About 52 days after sowing. Sown on May 11, ready around July 2.
Warmth: Tender: needs days averaging 54°F or more, and no frost.

Zucchini across the US, town by town

CucumberOutdoors May 11 to Jun 21, and Aug 6 to Aug 14; Under cover Apr 13 to Jul 19, and Aug 6 to Aug 14, and Sep 3 to Sep 11

Sow outdoors: May 11 to Jun 21, and Aug 6 to Aug 14
Under cover: Apr 13 to Jul 19, and Aug 6 to Aug 14, and Sep 3 to Sep 11
First harvest: About 60 days after sowing. Sown on May 11, ready around July 10.
Warmth: Tender: needs days averaging 54°F or more, and no frost.

Cucumber across the US, town by town

Winter squashOutdoors May 11 to Jun 11; Under cover Apr 13 to Jul 9

Sow outdoors: May 11 to Jun 11
Under cover: Apr 13 to Jul 9
First harvest: About 82 days after sowing. Sown on May 11, ready around August 1.
Warmth: Tender: needs days averaging 54°F or more, and no frost.

Winter squash across the US, town by town

Sweet cornOutdoors May 6 to Jun 11; Under cover Apr 8 to Jul 9

Sow outdoors: May 6 to Jun 11
Under cover: Apr 8 to Jul 9
First harvest: About 80 days after sowing. Sown on May 6, ready around July 25.
Warmth: Tender: needs days averaging 52°F or more, and no frost.

Sweet corn across the US, town by town

Roots

CarrotOutdoors Mar 16 to Jun 24; Under cover Feb 16 to Jul 22

Sow outdoors: Mar 16 to Jun 24
Under cover: Feb 16 to Jul 22
First harvest: About 103 days after sowing. Sown on March 16, ready around June 27.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 45°F.

Carrot across the US, town by town

BeetOutdoors Mar 16 to Jun 29, and Aug 6 to Aug 21; Under cover Feb 16 to Jul 27, and Aug 6 to Aug 21, and Sep 3 to Sep 18

Sow outdoors: Mar 16 to Jun 29, and Aug 6 to Aug 21
Under cover: Feb 16 to Jul 27, and Aug 6 to Aug 21, and Sep 3 to Sep 18
First harvest: About 76 days after sowing. Sown on March 16, ready around May 31.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 45°F.

Beet across the US, town by town

ParsnipOutdoors Feb 20 to May 20; Under cover Jan 23 to Jun 17

Sow outdoors: Feb 20 to May 20
Under cover: Jan 23 to Jun 17
First harvest: About 137 days after sowing. Sown on February 20, ready around July 7.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 43°F.

Parsnip across the US, town by town

RadishOutdoors Feb 20 to Sep 30; Under cover Jan 23 to Oct 28

Sow outdoors: Feb 20 to Sep 30
Under cover: Jan 23 to Oct 28
First harvest: About 32 days after sowing. Sown on February 20, ready around March 24.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 43°F; bolts in hot weather.

Radish across the US, town by town

PotatoOutdoors Feb 20 to May 2; Under cover Jan 23 to May 30

Plant outdoors: Feb 20 to May 2
Under cover: Jan 23 to May 30
First harvest: About 111 days after planting. Planted on February 20, ready around June 11.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 43°F.

Potato across the US, town by town

TurnipOutdoors Feb 20 to Sep 3; Under cover Jan 23 to Oct 1

Sow outdoors: Feb 20 to Sep 3
Under cover: Jan 23 to Oct 1
First harvest: About 70 days after sowing. Sown on February 20, ready around May 1.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 43°F.

Turnip across the US, town by town

Leaves

LettuceOutdoors Feb 27 to Aug 29; Under cover Jan 30 to Sep 26

Sow outdoors: Feb 27 to Aug 29
Under cover: Jan 30 to Sep 26
First harvest: About 80 days after sowing. Sown on February 27, ready around May 18.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 43°F; bolts in hot weather.

Lettuce across the US, town by town

SpinachOutdoors Feb 20 to Sep 27; Under cover Jan 23 to Oct 25

Sow outdoors: Feb 20 to Sep 27
Under cover: Jan 23 to Oct 25
First harvest: About 53 days after sowing. Sown on February 20, ready around April 14.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 43°F; bolts in hot weather.

Spinach across the US, town by town

Swiss chardOutdoors Mar 16 to Sep 3; Under cover Feb 16 to Oct 1

Sow outdoors: Mar 16 to Sep 3
Under cover: Feb 16 to Oct 1
First harvest: About 66 days after sowing. Sown on March 16, ready around May 21.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 45°F.

Swiss chard across the US, town by town

ArugulaOutdoors Feb 20 to Sep 28; Under cover Jan 23 to Oct 26

Sow outdoors: Feb 20 to Sep 28
Under cover: Jan 23 to Oct 26
First harvest: About 47 days after sowing. Sown on February 20, ready around April 8.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 43°F; bolts in hot weather.

Arugula across the US, town by town

CeleryOutdoors Feb 2 to Apr 22; Under cover Jan 5 to May 20

Sow outdoors: Feb 2 to Apr 22
Under cover: Jan 5 to May 20
First harvest: About 145 days after sowing. Sown on February 2, ready around June 27.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 41°F.

Celery across the US, town by town

Beans and peas

Runner beanOutdoors May 6 to Jun 21; Under cover Apr 8 to Jul 19

Sow outdoors: May 6 to Jun 21
Under cover: Apr 8 to Jul 19
First harvest: About 74 days after sowing. Sown on May 6, ready around July 19.
Warmth: Tender: needs days averaging 52°F or more, and no frost.

Runner bean across the US, town by town

Green beanOutdoors May 6 to Jul 6, and Aug 6 to Aug 17; Under cover Apr 8 to Aug 17, and Sep 3 to Sep 14

Sow outdoors: May 6 to Jul 6, and Aug 6 to Aug 17
Under cover: Apr 8 to Aug 17, and Sep 3 to Sep 14
First harvest: About 61 days after sowing. Sown on May 6, ready around July 6.
Warmth: Tender: needs days averaging 52°F or more, and no frost.

Green bean across the US, town by town

Fava beanOutdoors Oct 16 to Nov 21; Under cover Sep 18 to Dec 19

Sow outdoors: Oct 16 to Nov 21
Under cover: Sep 18 to Dec 19
First harvest: About 220 days after sowing. Sown on October 16, ready around May 24.
Warmth: Hardy: goes in as the weather cools, and grows on through winter.

Fava bean across the US, town by town

PeaOutdoors Feb 20 to May 31, and Aug 6 to Aug 12; Under cover Jan 23 to Jun 28, and Jul 9 to Jul 15, and Aug 6 to Aug 12, and Sep 3 to Sep 9

Sow outdoors: Feb 20 to May 31, and Aug 6 to Aug 12
Under cover: Jan 23 to Jun 28, and Jul 9 to Jul 15, and Aug 6 to Aug 12, and Sep 3 to Sep 9
First harvest: About 92 days after sowing. Sown on February 20, ready around May 23.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 43°F; bolts in hot weather.

Pea across the US, town by town

Onion family

OnionOutdoors Feb 14 to Apr 22; Under cover Jan 17 to May 20

Plant outdoors: Feb 14 to Apr 22
Under cover: Jan 17 to May 20
First harvest: About 148 days after planting. Planted on February 14, ready around July 12.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 43°F.

Onion across the US, town by town

GarlicOutdoors Oct 16 to Nov 30; Under cover Sep 18 to Dec 28

Plant outdoors: Oct 16 to Nov 30
Under cover: Sep 18 to Dec 28
First harvest: About 250 days after planting. Planted on October 16, ready around June 23.
Warmth: Hardy: goes in as the weather cools, and grows on through winter.

Garlic across the US, town by town

LeekOutdoors Feb 20 to Jun 8; Under cover Jan 23 to Jul 6

Sow outdoors: Feb 20 to Jun 8
Under cover: Jan 23 to Jul 6
First harvest: About 152 days after sowing. Sown on February 20, ready around July 22.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 43°F.

Leek across the US, town by town

ScallionOutdoors Feb 2 to Sep 14; Under cover Jan 5 to Oct 12

Sow outdoors: Feb 2 to Sep 14
Under cover: Jan 5 to Oct 12
First harvest: About 85 days after sowing. Sown on February 2, ready around April 28.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 41°F.

Scallion across the US, town by town

ShallotOutdoors Jan 14 to Apr 22; Under cover Dec 17 to May 20

Plant outdoors: Jan 14 to Apr 22
Under cover: Dec 17 to May 20
First harvest: About 153 days after planting. Planted on January 14, ready around June 16.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 41°F.

Shallot across the US, town by town

Brassicas

CabbageOutdoors Feb 20 to Jun 22; Under cover Jan 23 to Jul 20

Sow outdoors: Feb 20 to Jun 22
Under cover: Jan 23 to Jul 20
First harvest: About 120 days after sowing. Sown on February 20, ready around June 20.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 43°F.

Cabbage across the US, town by town

BroccoliOutdoors Mar 16 to Jun 14; Under cover Feb 16 to Jul 12

Sow outdoors: Mar 16 to Jun 14
Under cover: Feb 16 to Jul 12
First harvest: About 94 days after sowing. Sown on March 16, ready around June 18.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 45°F.

Broccoli across the US, town by town

CauliflowerOutdoors Feb 20 to May 31; Under cover Jan 23 to Jun 28

Sow outdoors: Feb 20 to May 31
Under cover: Jan 23 to Jun 28
First harvest: About 129 days after sowing. Sown on February 20, ready around June 29.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 43°F; bolts in hot weather.

Cauliflower across the US, town by town

Brussels sproutOutdoors Feb 20 to May 6; Under cover Jan 23 to Jun 3

Sow outdoors: Feb 20 to May 6
Under cover: Jan 23 to Jun 3
First harvest: About 172 days after sowing. Sown on February 20, ready around August 11.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 43°F.

Brussels sprout across the US, town by town

KaleOutdoors Mar 16 to Jun 29, and Aug 6 to Aug 16; Under cover Feb 16 to Jul 27, and Aug 6 to Aug 16, and Sep 3 to Sep 13

Sow outdoors: Mar 16 to Jun 29, and Aug 6 to Aug 16
Under cover: Feb 16 to Jul 27, and Aug 6 to Aug 16, and Sep 3 to Sep 13
First harvest: About 85 days after sowing. Sown on March 16, ready around June 9.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 45°F.

Kale across the US, town by town

Bok choyOutdoors Apr 4 to Sep 16; Under cover Mar 7 to Oct 14

Sow outdoors: Apr 4 to Sep 16
Under cover: Mar 7 to Oct 14
First harvest: About 47 days after sowing. Sown on April 4, ready around May 21.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 46°F; bolts in hot weather.

Bok choy across the US, town by town

Herbs

BasilOutdoors Apr 4 to Jul 4, and Aug 6 to Aug 21; Under cover Mar 7 to Aug 21, and Sep 3 to Sep 18

Sow outdoors: Apr 4 to Jul 4, and Aug 6 to Aug 21
Under cover: Mar 7 to Aug 21, and Sep 3 to Sep 18
First harvest: About 62 days after sowing. Sown on April 4, ready around June 5.
Warmth: Tender: needs days averaging 46°F or more, and no frost.

Basil across the US, town by town

ParsleyOutdoors Feb 20 to Sep 2; Under cover Jan 23 to Sep 30

Sow outdoors: Feb 20 to Sep 2
Under cover: Jan 23 to Sep 30
First harvest: About 86 days after sowing. Sown on February 20, ready around May 17.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 43°F.

Parsley across the US, town by town

CilantroOutdoors Mar 16 to Sep 16; Under cover Feb 16 to Oct 14

Sow outdoors: Mar 16 to Sep 16
Under cover: Feb 16 to Oct 14
First harvest: About 56 days after sowing. Sown on March 16, ready around May 11.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 45°F; bolts in hot weather.

Cilantro across the US, town by town

ChivesOutdoors Feb 20 to May 20, and Aug 6 to Aug 15; Under cover Jan 23 to Jun 17, and Jul 9 to Jul 18, and Aug 6 to Aug 15, and Sep 3 to Sep 12

Sow outdoors: Feb 20 to May 20, and Aug 6 to Aug 15
Under cover: Jan 23 to Jun 17, and Jul 9 to Jul 18, and Aug 6 to Aug 15, and Sep 3 to Sep 12
First harvest: Crops every year once it’s established.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 43°F.

Chives across the US, town by town

MintOutdoors Mar 16 to Oct 9; Under cover Feb 16 to Nov 6

Sow outdoors: Mar 16 to Oct 9
Under cover: Feb 16 to Nov 6
First harvest: Crops every year once it’s established.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 45°F.

Mint across the US, town by town

Fruit

StrawberryOutdoors Feb 20 to May 6, and Aug 6 to Aug 12; Under cover Jan 23 to Jun 3, and Jul 9 to Jul 15, and Aug 6 to Aug 12, and Sep 3 to Sep 9

Plant outdoors: Feb 20 to May 6, and Aug 6 to Aug 12
Under cover: Jan 23 to Jun 3, and Jul 9 to Jul 15, and Aug 6 to Aug 12, and Sep 3 to Sep 9
First harvest: Crops every year once it’s established.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 43°F.

Strawberry across the US, town by town

RaspberryOutdoors Nov 7 to Jan 3; Under cover Oct 10 to Jan 31

Plant outdoors: Nov 7 to Jan 3
Under cover: Oct 10 to Jan 31
First harvest: Crops every year once it’s established.
Warmth: Hardy: goes in as the weather cools, and grows on through winter.

Raspberry across the US, town by town

RhubarbOutdoors Oct 25 to Dec 14; Under cover Sep 27 to Jan 11

Plant outdoors: Oct 25 to Dec 14
Under cover: Sep 27 to Jan 11
First harvest: Crops every year once it’s established.
Warmth: Hardy: goes in as the weather cools, and grows on through winter.

Rhubarb across the US, town by town

Nearby

Questions about growing in Salem

When is the last frost in Salem?

On average around March 30, and the first autumn frost comes around November 20. In a cold spring a frost can come a week or two late, so tender plants are safest out a week after the date.

Can I grow tomatoes outdoors in Salem?

Yes. Plant them outdoors May 12 to Jun 6, or under cover Apr 14 to Jul 4.

What can I sow in Salem in November?

Outdoors: fava bean, garlic, raspberry, rhubarb.

How accurate are these dates?

They’re worked out from 30 years of climate data for this spot, adjusted for its height, so they’re a good guide for a typical year. Check the forecast before planting out anything tender.

Get these dates as reminders

Bia turns this calendar into a nudge when it’s time to sow, plant out and harvest, for your backyard or community garden plot in Salem. Free for 2 months.

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How these dates are worked out: climate records for this spot (ERA5-Land, 1995 to 2024), the local frost dates and the height above sea level turn a seed-packet date into a local one. Contains modified Copernicus Climate Change Service information; towns from GeoNames (CC BY 4.0). How sowing dates work