California, US

Planting calendar for Valencia

Last frost around January 21, first frost around January 11: about 355 frost-free days.

Last frost: January 21
First frost: January 11
Frost-free days: 355

Sow now: November

See the whole year

Outdoors

Carrot
Parsnip
Radish
Potato
Lettuce
Spinach
Arugula
Celery
Fava bean
Onion
Garlic
Leek
9 more in the year table

The year at a glance

When each crop can be sown in Valencia. Tap a crop for exact dates and when it’s ready to harvest.

Sow outdoorsSow under cover (indoors, a greenhouse or a cold frame)

When to sow each crop in Valencia, month by month. Each month says whether you can sow outdoors, under cover, or both.
Crop	JJan	FFeb	MMar	AApr	MMay	JJun	JJul	AAug	SSep	OOct	NNov	DDec
Fruiting
Tomato	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Sow under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow under cover	June: Not this month	July: Sow under cover	August: Sow outdoors and under cover	September: Sow outdoors and under cover	October: Sow under cover	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Chile pepper	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Sow under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow under cover	June: Not this month	July: Sow under cover	August: Sow outdoors and under cover	September: Sow outdoors and under cover	October: Sow under cover	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Bell pepper	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Sow under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow under cover	June: Not this month	July: Sow under cover	August: Sow outdoors and under cover	September: Sow outdoors and under cover	October: Sow under cover	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Eggplant	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Sow under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow under cover	June: Not this month	July: Sow under cover	August: Sow outdoors and under cover	September: Sow outdoors and under cover	October: Sow under cover	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Zucchini	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Sow under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Not this month	July: Sow under cover	August: Sow outdoors and under cover	September: Sow outdoors and under cover	October: Sow outdoors and under cover	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Cucumber	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Sow under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Not this month	July: Sow under cover	August: Sow outdoors and under cover	September: Sow outdoors and under cover	October: Sow under cover	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Winter squash	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Sow under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow under cover	June: Not this month	July: Sow under cover	August: Sow outdoors and under cover	September: Sow outdoors and under cover	October: Sow under cover	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Sweet corn	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Sow outdoors and under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow under cover	June: Not this month	July: Sow under cover	August: Sow outdoors and under cover	September: Sow outdoors and under cover	October: Sow under cover	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Roots
Carrot	January: Sow outdoors and under cover	February: Sow outdoors and under cover	March: Sow outdoors and under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow under cover	June: Not this month	July: Sow under cover	August: Sow outdoors and under cover	September: Sow outdoors and under cover	October: Sow outdoors and under cover	November: Sow outdoors and under cover	December: Sow outdoors and under cover
Beet	January: Sow outdoors and under cover	February: Sow outdoors and under cover	March: Sow outdoors and under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow under cover	June: Not this month	July: Sow under cover	August: Sow outdoors and under cover	September: Sow outdoors and under cover	October: Sow outdoors and under cover	November: Sow under cover	December: Sow under cover
Parsnip	January: Sow outdoors and under cover	February: Sow outdoors and under cover	March: Sow outdoors and under cover	April: Sow under cover	May: Not this month	June: Not this month	July: Sow under cover	August: Sow outdoors and under cover	September: Sow outdoors and under cover	October: Sow outdoors and under cover	November: Sow outdoors and under cover	December: Sow outdoors and under cover
Radish	January: Sow outdoors and under cover	February: Sow outdoors and under cover	March: Sow outdoors and under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow under cover	June: Not this month	July: Not this month	August: Sow under cover	September: Sow outdoors and under cover	October: Sow outdoors and under cover	November: Sow outdoors and under cover	December: Sow under cover
Potato	January: Plant outdoors and under cover	February: Plant outdoors and under cover	March: Plant outdoors and under cover	April: Not this month	May: Not this month	June: Not this month	July: Plant under cover	August: Plant outdoors and under cover	September: Plant outdoors and under cover	October: Plant outdoors and under cover	November: Plant outdoors and under cover	December: Plant outdoors and under cover
Turnip	January: Sow outdoors and under cover	February: Sow outdoors and under cover	March: Sow outdoors and under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow under cover	July: Not this month	August: Sow under cover	September: Sow outdoors and under cover	October: Sow outdoors and under cover	November: Sow under cover	December: Sow under cover
Leaves
Lettuce	January: Sow outdoors and under cover	February: Sow outdoors and under cover	March: Sow outdoors and under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow under cover	June: Not this month	July: Not this month	August: Sow under cover	September: Sow outdoors and under cover	October: Sow outdoors and under cover	November: Sow outdoors and under cover	December: Sow outdoors and under cover
Spinach	January: Sow outdoors and under cover	February: Sow outdoors and under cover	March: Sow outdoors and under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow under cover	June: Not this month	July: Not this month	August: Sow under cover	September: Sow outdoors and under cover	October: Sow outdoors and under cover	November: Sow outdoors and under cover	December: Sow outdoors and under cover
Swiss chard	January: Sow outdoors and under cover	February: Sow outdoors and under cover	March: Sow outdoors and under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow outdoors and under cover	July: Sow outdoors and under cover	August: Sow outdoors and under cover	September: Sow outdoors and under cover	October: Sow outdoors and under cover	November: Sow under cover	December: Sow under cover
Arugula	January: Sow outdoors and under cover	February: Sow outdoors and under cover	March: Sow outdoors and under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow under cover	June: Not this month	July: Not this month	August: Sow under cover	September: Sow outdoors and under cover	October: Sow outdoors and under cover	November: Sow outdoors and under cover	December: Sow outdoors and under cover
Celery	January: Sow outdoors and under cover	February: Sow outdoors and under cover	March: Sow outdoors and under cover	April: Sow under cover	May: Not this month	June: Not this month	July: Sow under cover	August: Sow outdoors and under cover	September: Sow outdoors and under cover	October: Sow outdoors and under cover	November: Sow outdoors and under cover	December: Sow outdoors and under cover
Beans and peas
Runner bean	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Sow outdoors and under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Not this month	July: Sow under cover	August: Sow outdoors and under cover	September: Sow outdoors and under cover	October: Sow under cover	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Green bean	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Sow outdoors and under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow under cover	July: Sow under cover	August: Sow outdoors and under cover	September: Sow outdoors and under cover	October: Sow outdoors and under cover	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
Fava bean	January: Sow outdoors and under cover	February: Sow under cover	March: Not this month	April: Not this month	May: Not this month	June: Not this month	July: Not this month	August: Not this month	September: Not this month	October: Sow under cover	November: Sow outdoors and under cover	December: Sow outdoors and under cover
Pea	January: Sow outdoors and under cover	February: Sow outdoors and under cover	March: Sow outdoors and under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow under cover	June: Not this month	July: Not this month	August: Sow under cover	September: Sow outdoors and under cover	October: Sow outdoors and under cover	November: Sow under cover	December: Sow under cover
Onion family
Onion	January: Plant outdoors and under cover	February: Plant outdoors and under cover	March: Plant under cover	April: Not this month	May: Not this month	June: Not this month	July: Plant under cover	August: Plant outdoors and under cover	September: Plant outdoors and under cover	October: Plant outdoors and under cover	November: Plant outdoors and under cover	December: Plant outdoors and under cover
Garlic	January: Plant outdoors and under cover	February: Plant under cover	March: Not this month	April: Not this month	May: Not this month	June: Not this month	July: Not this month	August: Not this month	September: Not this month	October: Plant under cover	November: Plant outdoors and under cover	December: Plant outdoors and under cover
Leek	January: Sow outdoors and under cover	February: Sow outdoors and under cover	March: Sow outdoors and under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow under cover	June: Not this month	July: Sow under cover	August: Sow outdoors and under cover	September: Sow outdoors and under cover	October: Sow outdoors and under cover	November: Sow outdoors and under cover	December: Sow outdoors and under cover
Scallion	January: Sow outdoors and under cover	February: Sow outdoors and under cover	March: Sow outdoors and under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow outdoors and under cover	July: Sow outdoors and under cover	August: Sow outdoors and under cover	September: Sow outdoors and under cover	October: Sow outdoors and under cover	November: Sow outdoors and under cover	December: Sow outdoors and under cover
Shallot	January: Plant outdoors and under cover	February: Plant outdoors and under cover	March: Plant outdoors and under cover	April: Plant under cover	May: Not this month	June: Not this month	July: Plant under cover	August: Plant outdoors and under cover	September: Plant outdoors and under cover	October: Plant outdoors and under cover	November: Plant outdoors and under cover	December: Plant outdoors and under cover
Brassicas
Cabbage	January: Sow outdoors and under cover	February: Sow outdoors and under cover	March: Sow outdoors and under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow under cover	July: Sow under cover	August: Sow outdoors and under cover	September: Sow outdoors and under cover	October: Sow outdoors and under cover	November: Sow outdoors and under cover	December: Sow outdoors and under cover
Broccoli	January: Sow outdoors and under cover	February: Sow outdoors and under cover	March: Sow outdoors and under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow under cover	June: Not this month	July: Sow under cover	August: Sow outdoors and under cover	September: Sow outdoors and under cover	October: Sow outdoors and under cover	November: Sow under cover	December: Sow outdoors and under cover
Cauliflower	January: Sow outdoors and under cover	February: Sow outdoors and under cover	March: Sow outdoors and under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow under cover	June: Not this month	July: Not this month	August: Sow under cover	September: Sow outdoors and under cover	October: Sow outdoors and under cover	November: Sow outdoors and under cover	December: Sow outdoors and under cover
Brussels sprout	January: Sow outdoors and under cover	February: Sow outdoors and under cover	March: Sow outdoors and under cover	April: Sow under cover	May: Not this month	June: Not this month	July: Sow under cover	August: Sow outdoors and under cover	September: Sow outdoors and under cover	October: Sow outdoors and under cover	November: Sow outdoors and under cover	December: Sow outdoors and under cover
Kale	January: Sow outdoors and under cover	February: Sow outdoors and under cover	March: Sow outdoors and under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow under cover	June: Not this month	July: Sow under cover	August: Sow outdoors and under cover	September: Sow outdoors and under cover	October: Sow outdoors and under cover	November: Sow under cover	December: Sow outdoors and under cover
Bok choy	January: Sow under cover	February: Sow outdoors and under cover	March: Sow outdoors and under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow under cover	June: Not this month	July: Not this month	August: Sow under cover	September: Sow outdoors and under cover	October: Sow outdoors and under cover	November: Sow outdoors and under cover	December: Sow under cover
Herbs
Basil	January: Sow under cover	February: Sow outdoors and under cover	March: Sow outdoors and under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow under cover	July: Sow under cover	August: Sow outdoors and under cover	September: Sow outdoors and under cover	October: Sow outdoors and under cover	November: Sow under cover	December: Not this month
Parsley	January: Sow outdoors and under cover	February: Sow outdoors and under cover	March: Sow outdoors and under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow outdoors and under cover	July: Sow under cover	August: Sow outdoors and under cover	September: Sow outdoors and under cover	October: Sow outdoors and under cover	November: Sow outdoors and under cover	December: Sow outdoors and under cover
Cilantro	January: Sow outdoors and under cover	February: Sow outdoors and under cover	March: Sow outdoors and under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow under cover	June: Not this month	July: Not this month	August: Sow under cover	September: Sow outdoors and under cover	October: Sow outdoors and under cover	November: Sow outdoors and under cover	December: Sow outdoors and under cover
Chives	January: Sow outdoors and under cover	February: Sow outdoors and under cover	March: Sow outdoors and under cover	April: Sow under cover	May: Not this month	June: Not this month	July: Sow under cover	August: Sow outdoors and under cover	September: Sow outdoors and under cover	October: Sow outdoors and under cover	November: Sow under cover	December: Sow under cover
Mint	January: Sow outdoors and under cover	February: Sow outdoors and under cover	March: Sow outdoors and under cover	April: Sow outdoors and under cover	May: Sow outdoors and under cover	June: Sow outdoors and under cover	July: Sow outdoors and under cover	August: Sow outdoors and under cover	September: Sow outdoors and under cover	October: Sow outdoors and under cover	November: Sow outdoors and under cover	December: Sow outdoors and under cover
Fruit
Strawberry	January: Plant outdoors and under cover	February: Plant outdoors and under cover	March: Plant outdoors and under cover	April: Plant under cover	May: Not this month	June: Not this month	July: Plant under cover	August: Plant outdoors and under cover	September: Plant outdoors and under cover	October: Plant outdoors and under cover	November: Plant under cover	December: Plant outdoors and under cover
RaspberryWinters too mild here	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Not this month	April: Not this month	May: Not this month	June: Not this month	July: Not this month	August: Not this month	September: Not this month	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month
RhubarbWinters too mild here	January: Not this month	February: Not this month	March: Not this month	April: Not this month	May: Not this month	June: Not this month	July: Not this month	August: Not this month	September: Not this month	October: Not this month	November: Not this month	December: Not this month

Fruit rows show when to plant, not sow.

Crop by crop

Fruiting

TomatoOutdoors Mar 31 to Apr 27, and Aug 9 to Sep 20; Under cover Mar 3 to May 25, and Jul 12 to Oct 18

Sow outdoors: Mar 31 to Apr 27, and Aug 9 to Sep 20
Under cover: Mar 3 to May 25, and Jul 12 to Oct 18
First harvest: About 66 days after sowing. Sown on March 31, ready around June 5.
Warmth: Tender: needs days averaging 54°F or more, and no frost.

Tomato across the US, town by town

Chile pepperOutdoors Mar 29 to Apr 27, and Aug 9 to Sep 19; Under cover Mar 1 to May 25, and Jul 12 to Oct 17

Sow outdoors: Mar 29 to Apr 27, and Aug 9 to Sep 19
Under cover: Mar 1 to May 25, and Jul 12 to Oct 17
First harvest: About 84 days after sowing. Sown on March 29, ready around June 21.
Warmth: Tender: needs days averaging 54°F or more, and no frost.

Chile pepper across the US, town by town

Bell pepperOutdoors Apr 5 to May 1, and Aug 9 to Sep 21; Under cover Mar 8 to May 29, and Jul 12 to Oct 19

Sow outdoors: Apr 5 to May 1, and Aug 9 to Sep 21
Under cover: Mar 8 to May 29, and Jul 12 to Oct 19
First harvest: About 78 days after sowing. Sown on April 5, ready around June 22.
Warmth: Tender: needs days averaging 54°F or more, and no frost.

Bell pepper across the US, town by town

EggplantOutdoors Apr 5 to Apr 27, and Aug 9 to Sep 19; Under cover Mar 8 to May 25, and Jul 12 to Oct 17

Sow outdoors: Apr 5 to Apr 27, and Aug 9 to Sep 19
Under cover: Mar 8 to May 25, and Jul 12 to Oct 17
First harvest: About 90 days after sowing. Sown on April 5, ready around July 4.
Warmth: Tender: needs days averaging 54°F or more, and no frost.

Eggplant across the US, town by town

ZucchiniOutdoors Mar 29 to May 9, and Aug 9 to Oct 9; Under cover Mar 1 to Jun 6, and Jul 12 to Nov 6

Sow outdoors: Mar 29 to May 9, and Aug 9 to Oct 9
Under cover: Mar 1 to Jun 6, and Jul 12 to Nov 6
First harvest: About 51 days after sowing. Sown on March 29, ready around May 19.
Warmth: Tender: needs days averaging 54°F or more, and no frost.

Zucchini across the US, town by town

CucumberOutdoors Mar 29 to May 9, and Aug 9 to Oct 4; Under cover Mar 1 to Jun 6, and Jul 12 to Nov 1

Sow outdoors: Mar 29 to May 9, and Aug 9 to Oct 4
Under cover: Mar 1 to Jun 6, and Jul 12 to Nov 1
First harvest: About 56 days after sowing. Sown on March 29, ready around May 24.
Warmth: Tender: needs days averaging 54°F or more, and no frost.

Cucumber across the US, town by town

Winter squashOutdoors Mar 29 to May 1, and Aug 9 to Sep 21; Under cover Mar 1 to May 29, and Jul 12 to Oct 19

Sow outdoors: Mar 29 to May 1, and Aug 9 to Sep 21
Under cover: Mar 1 to May 29, and Jul 12 to Oct 19
First harvest: About 68 days after sowing. Sown on March 29, ready around June 5.
Warmth: Tender: needs days averaging 54°F or more, and no frost.

Winter squash across the US, town by town

Sweet cornOutdoors Mar 23 to May 1, and Aug 9 to Sep 23; Under cover Feb 23 to May 29, and Jul 12 to Oct 21

Sow outdoors: Mar 23 to May 1, and Aug 9 to Sep 23
Under cover: Feb 23 to May 29, and Jul 12 to Oct 21
First harvest: About 71 days after sowing. Sown on March 23, ready around June 2.
Warmth: Tender: needs days averaging 52°F or more, and no frost.

Sweet corn across the US, town by town

Roots

CarrotOutdoors Aug 10 to Apr 20; Under cover Jul 13 to May 18

Sow outdoors: Aug 10 to Apr 20
Under cover: Jul 13 to May 18
First harvest: About 60 days after sowing. Sown on August 10, ready around October 9.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 45°F.

Carrot across the US, town by town

BeetOutdoors Jan 9 to Apr 25, and Aug 9 to Oct 20; Under cover Jul 12 to Nov 17, and Dec 12 to May 23

Sow outdoors: Jan 9 to Apr 25, and Aug 9 to Oct 20
Under cover: Jul 12 to Nov 17, and Dec 12 to May 23
First harvest: About 42 days after sowing. Sown on January 9, ready around February 20.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 45°F.

Beet across the US, town by town

ParsnipOutdoors Aug 10 to Mar 28; Under cover Jul 13 to Apr 25

Sow outdoors: Aug 10 to Mar 28
Under cover: Jul 13 to Apr 25
First harvest: About 78 days after sowing. Sown on August 10, ready around October 27.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 43°F.

Parsnip across the US, town by town

RadishOutdoors Jan 11 to May 5, and Sep 9 to Nov 26; Under cover Aug 12 to Jun 2

Sow outdoors: Jan 11 to May 5, and Sep 9 to Nov 26
Under cover: Aug 12 to Jun 2
First harvest: About 33 days after sowing. Sown on January 11, ready around February 13.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 43°F; bolts in hot weather.

Radish across the US, town by town

PotatoOutdoors Aug 19 to Mar 7; Under cover Jul 22 to Apr 4

Plant outdoors: Aug 19 to Mar 7
Under cover: Jul 22 to Apr 4
First harvest: About 60 days after planting. Planted on August 19, ready around October 18.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 43°F.

Potato across the US, town by town

TurnipOutdoors Jan 3 to May 14, and Sep 2 to Nov 4; Under cover Aug 5 to Jun 11

Sow outdoors: Jan 3 to May 14, and Sep 2 to Nov 4
Under cover: Aug 5 to Jun 11
First harvest: About 36 days after sowing. Sown on January 3, ready around February 8.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 43°F.

Turnip across the US, town by town

Leaves

LettuceOutdoors Sep 15 to Nov 10, and Dec 14 to Apr 27; Under cover Aug 18 to May 25

Sow outdoors: Sep 15 to Nov 10, and Dec 14 to Apr 27
Under cover: Aug 18 to May 25
First harvest: About 42 days after sowing. Sown on September 15, ready around October 27.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 43°F; bolts in hot weather.

Lettuce across the US, town by town

SpinachOutdoors Sep 15 to Apr 27; Under cover Aug 18 to May 25

Sow outdoors: Sep 15 to Apr 27
Under cover: Aug 18 to May 25
First harvest: About 27 days after sowing. Sown on September 15, ready around October 12.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 43°F; bolts in hot weather.

Spinach across the US, town by town

Swiss chardOutdoors Jan 3 to Nov 4; Under cover all year

Sow outdoors: Jan 3 to Nov 4
Under cover: all year
First harvest: About 36 days after sowing. Sown on January 3, ready around February 8.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 45°F.

Swiss chard across the US, town by town

ArugulaOutdoors Sep 15 to Apr 27; Under cover Aug 18 to May 25

Sow outdoors: Sep 15 to Apr 27
Under cover: Aug 18 to May 25
First harvest: About 24 days after sowing. Sown on September 15, ready around October 9.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 43°F; bolts in hot weather.

Arugula across the US, town by town

CeleryOutdoors Aug 19 to Mar 11; Under cover Jul 22 to Apr 8

Sow outdoors: Aug 19 to Mar 11
Under cover: Jul 22 to Apr 8
First harvest: About 78 days after sowing. Sown on August 19, ready around November 5.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 41°F.

Celery across the US, town by town

Beans and peas

Runner beanOutdoors Mar 23 to May 8, and Aug 9 to Sep 27; Under cover Feb 23 to Jun 5, and Jul 12 to Oct 25

Sow outdoors: Mar 23 to May 8, and Aug 9 to Sep 27
Under cover: Feb 23 to Jun 5, and Jul 12 to Oct 25
First harvest: About 68 days after sowing. Sown on March 23, ready around May 30.
Warmth: Tender: needs days averaging 52°F or more, and no frost.

Runner bean across the US, town by town

Green beanOutdoors Mar 23 to May 23, and Aug 9 to Oct 7; Under cover Feb 23 to Jun 20, and Jul 12 to Nov 4

Sow outdoors: Mar 23 to May 23, and Aug 9 to Oct 7
Under cover: Feb 23 to Jun 20, and Jul 12 to Nov 4
First harvest: About 59 days after sowing. Sown on March 23, ready around May 21.
Warmth: Tender: needs days averaging 52°F or more, and no frost.

Green bean across the US, town by town

Fava beanOutdoors Nov 11 to Jan 10; Under cover Oct 14 to Feb 7

Sow outdoors: Nov 11 to Jan 10
Under cover: Oct 14 to Feb 7
First harvest: About 220 days after sowing. Sown on November 11, ready around June 19.
Warmth: Hardy: goes in as the weather cools, and grows on through winter.

Fava bean across the US, town by town

PeaOutdoors Jan 2 to Apr 12, and Sep 9 to Oct 15; Under cover Aug 12 to Nov 12, and Dec 5 to May 10

Sow outdoors: Jan 2 to Apr 12, and Sep 9 to Oct 15
Under cover: Aug 12 to Nov 12, and Dec 5 to May 10
First harvest: About 48 days after sowing. Sown on January 2, ready around February 19.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 43°F; bolts in hot weather.

Pea across the US, town by town

Onion family

OnionOutdoors Aug 10 to Mar 2; Under cover Jul 13 to Mar 30

Plant outdoors: Aug 10 to Mar 2
Under cover: Jul 13 to Mar 30
First harvest: About 84 days after planting. Planted on August 10, ready around November 2.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 43°F.

Onion across the US, town by town

GarlicOutdoors Nov 11 to Jan 10; Under cover Oct 14 to Feb 7

Plant outdoors: Nov 11 to Jan 10
Under cover: Oct 14 to Feb 7
First harvest: About 250 days after planting. Planted on November 11, ready around July 19.
Warmth: Hardy: goes in as the weather cools, and grows on through winter.

Garlic across the US, town by town

LeekOutdoors Aug 9 to Apr 27; Under cover Jul 12 to May 25

Sow outdoors: Aug 9 to Apr 27
Under cover: Jul 12 to May 25
First harvest: About 90 days after sowing. Sown on August 9, ready around November 7.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 43°F.

Leek across the US, town by town

ScallionOutdoors all year

Sow outdoors: all year
Under cover: all year
First harvest: About 42 days after sowing. Sown on January 1, ready around February 12.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 41°F.

Scallion across the US, town by town

ShallotOutdoors Aug 10 to Mar 25; Under cover Jul 13 to Apr 22

Plant outdoors: Aug 10 to Mar 25
Under cover: Jul 13 to Apr 22
First harvest: About 78 days after planting. Planted on August 10, ready around October 27.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 41°F.

Shallot across the US, town by town

Brassicas

CabbageOutdoors Aug 19 to May 12; Under cover Jul 22 to Jun 9

Sow outdoors: Aug 19 to May 12
Under cover: Jul 22 to Jun 9
First harvest: About 66 days after sowing. Sown on August 19, ready around October 24.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 43°F.

Cabbage across the US, town by town

BroccoliOutdoors Aug 19 to Oct 17, and Dec 17 to Apr 10; Under cover Jul 22 to May 8

Sow outdoors: Aug 19 to Oct 17, and Dec 17 to Apr 10
Under cover: Jul 22 to May 8
First harvest: About 54 days after sowing. Sown on August 19, ready around October 12.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 45°F.

Broccoli across the US, town by town

CauliflowerOutdoors Sep 9 to Apr 12; Under cover Aug 12 to May 10

Sow outdoors: Sep 9 to Apr 12
Under cover: Aug 12 to May 10
First harvest: About 72 days after sowing. Sown on September 9, ready around November 20.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 43°F; bolts in hot weather.

Cauliflower across the US, town by town

Brussels sproutOutdoors Aug 19 to Mar 12; Under cover Jul 22 to Apr 9

Sow outdoors: Aug 19 to Mar 12
Under cover: Jul 22 to Apr 9
First harvest: About 108 days after sowing. Sown on August 19, ready around December 5.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 43°F.

Brussels sprout across the US, town by town

KaleOutdoors Aug 10 to Oct 21, and Dec 25 to Apr 25; Under cover Jul 13 to Nov 18, and Nov 27 to May 23

Sow outdoors: Aug 10 to Oct 21, and Dec 25 to Apr 25
Under cover: Jul 13 to Nov 18, and Nov 27 to May 23
First harvest: About 48 days after sowing. Sown on August 10, ready around September 27.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 45°F.

Kale across the US, town by town

Bok choyOutdoors Feb 6 to Apr 27, and Sep 15 to Nov 16; Under cover Jan 9 to May 25, and Aug 18 to Dec 14

Sow outdoors: Feb 6 to Apr 27, and Sep 15 to Nov 16
Under cover: Jan 9 to May 25, and Aug 18 to Dec 14
First harvest: About 49 days after sowing. Sown on February 6, ready around March 27.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 46°F; bolts in hot weather.

Bok choy across the US, town by town

Herbs

BasilOutdoors Feb 6 to May 15, and Aug 9 to Oct 10; Under cover Jan 9 to Jun 12, and Jul 12 to Nov 7

Sow outdoors: Feb 6 to May 15, and Aug 9 to Oct 10
Under cover: Jan 9 to Jun 12, and Jul 12 to Nov 7
First harvest: About 69 days after sowing. Sown on February 6, ready around April 16.
Warmth: Tender: needs days averaging 46°F or more, and no frost.

Basil across the US, town by town

ParsleyOutdoors Jul 28 to Jun 25; Under cover all year

Sow outdoors: Jul 28 to Jun 25
Under cover: all year
First harvest: About 45 days after sowing. Sown on July 28, ready around September 11.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 43°F.

Parsley across the US, town by town

CilantroOutdoors Sep 15 to Nov 23, and Dec 24 to Apr 27; Under cover Aug 18 to May 25

Sow outdoors: Sep 15 to Nov 23, and Dec 24 to Apr 27
Under cover: Aug 18 to May 25
First harvest: About 30 days after sowing. Sown on September 15, ready around October 15.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 45°F; bolts in hot weather.

Cilantro across the US, town by town

ChivesOutdoors Aug 9 to Oct 19, and Dec 27 to Mar 28; Under cover Jul 12 to Nov 16, and Nov 29 to Apr 25

Sow outdoors: Aug 9 to Oct 19, and Dec 27 to Mar 28
Under cover: Jul 12 to Nov 16, and Nov 29 to Apr 25
First harvest: Crops every year once it’s established.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 43°F.

Chives across the US, town by town

MintOutdoors all year

Sow outdoors: all year
Under cover: all year
First harvest: Crops every year once it’s established.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 45°F.

Mint across the US, town by town

Fruit

StrawberryOutdoors Aug 9 to Nov 1, and Dec 1 to Mar 12; Under cover Jul 12 to Apr 9

Plant outdoors: Aug 9 to Nov 1, and Dec 1 to Mar 12
Under cover: Jul 12 to Apr 9
First harvest: Crops every year once it’s established.
Warmth: Hardy: grows once days average 43°F.

Strawberry across the US, town by town

RaspberryNot here: winters too mild here

Plant outdoors: Not here: winters too mild here
Under cover: No
First harvest: Crops every year once it’s established.
Warmth: Hardy: goes in as the weather cools, and grows on through winter.

Raspberry across the US, town by town

RhubarbNot here: winters too mild here

Plant outdoors: Not here: winters too mild here
Under cover: No
First harvest: Crops every year once it’s established.
Warmth: Hardy: goes in as the weather cools, and grows on through winter.

Rhubarb across the US, town by town

Nearby

Questions about growing in Valencia

When is the last frost in Valencia?

On average around January 21, and the first autumn frost comes around January 11. In a cold spring a frost can come a week or two late, so tender plants are safest out a week after the date.

Can I grow tomatoes outdoors in Valencia?

Yes. Plant them outdoors Mar 31 to Apr 27, and Aug 9 to Sep 20, or under cover Mar 3 to May 25, and Jul 12 to Oct 18.

What can I sow in Valencia in November?

Outdoors: carrot, parsnip, radish, potato, lettuce, spinach, arugula, celery, fava bean, onion, garlic, leek, scallion, shallot, cabbage, cauliflower, Brussels sprout, bok choy, parsley, cilantro, mint. Under cover: beet, turnip, Swiss chard, pea, broccoli, kale, basil, chives, strawberry.

How accurate are these dates?

They’re worked out from 30 years of climate data for this spot, adjusted for its height, so they’re a good guide for a typical year. Check the forecast before planting out anything tender.

Get these dates as reminders

Bia turns this calendar into a nudge when it’s time to sow, plant out and harvest, for your backyard or community garden plot in Valencia. Free for 2 months.

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How these dates are worked out: climate records for this spot (ERA5-Land, 1995 to 2024), the local frost dates and the height above sea level turn a seed-packet date into a local one. Contains modified Copernicus Climate Change Service information; towns from GeoNames (CC BY 4.0). How sowing dates work